Mechanism of action of non-coding RNA in sorafenib resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma

Guoxiang CHEN; Mo ZHOU; Sheng CHEN; Yuan WANG; Yuanlong ZHOU; Jihong YANG

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-5256.2021.03.040

Volume 37 Issue 3

Mar. 2021

Turn off MathJax

Article Contents

Abstract

References

Article Navigation > Journal of Clinical Hepatology > 2021 > 37(3): 699-703

PDF( 2217 KB)

Mechanism of action of non-coding RNA in sorafenib resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma

DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5256.2021.03.040

Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071000, China

Received Date: 2020-08-28
Accepted Date: 2020-09-29
Published Date: 2021-03-20

Abstract

Abstract

Sorafenib, as the first-line treatment drug for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), can effectively improve the prognosis of patients with HCC, but sorafenib resistance has become a major obstacle to the therapeutic outcome of HCC. Recent studies have shown that non-coding RNA plays a key role in sorafenib resistance in HCC. This article summarizes that non-coding RNA regulates the sensitivity of HCC to sorafenib by inducing the autophagy of hepatoma cells, promoting the proliferation of liver cancer stem cells, promoting the EMT process of hepatoma cells, inhibiting the apoptosis of hepatoma cells, and regulating the microenvironment of liver cancer tissue. It is pointed out that the molecular mechanism of non-coding RNA in regulating sorafenib resistance in HCC has potential clinical significance in overcoming sorafenib resistance in HCC.
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular,
- RNA, Untranslated,
- Sorafenib,
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm

FullText(HTML)

References(47)

References

[1]	HE YJ, ZHANG ZM, HE WM, et al. Epidemiologi-cal characteristics and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma: A single - center observational real - world cohort study of 1302 cases[J]. J Clin Hepatol, 2019, 35(5): 1002-1007. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5256.2019.05.014 何雅婧, 张植明, 何伟猛, 等. 1302例单中心观察性肝细胞癌真实世界队列的流行病学特征与预后[J]. 临床肝胆病杂志, 2019, 35(5): 1002-1007. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5256.2019.05.014
[2]	DING W, TAN Y, QIAN Y, et al. First-line targ veted therapies of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: A Bayesian network analysis of randomized controlled trials[J]. PLoS One, 2020, 15(3): e0229492. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229492
[3]	AGIRRE E, EYRAS E. Databases and resources for human small non-coding RNAs[J]. Human Genomics, 2011, 5(3): 192-199. DOI: 10.1186/1479-7364-5-3-192
[4]	KOTAKE Y, TSURUDA T. Long noncoding RNA ANROC on the INK4 locus functions to suppress cell proliferation[J]. Cancer Genomics Proteomics, 2020, 17(4): 425-430. DOI: 10.21873/cgp.20201
[5]	TSANG WP, KWOK TT. Riboregulator H19 induction of MDR1-associated drug resistance in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells[J]. Oncogene, 2007, 26(33): 4877-4881. DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1210266
[6]	ZHOU JJ, CHENG D, HE XY, et al. Knockdown of long non-coding RNA HOTAIR sensitizes hepatocellular carcinoma cell to cisplatin by suppressing the STAT3/ABCB1 signaling pathway[J]. Oncol Lett, 2017, 14(6): 7986-7992. http://europepmc.org/abstract/MED/29250186
[7]	SONNTAG R, GASSLER N, BANGEN JM, et al. Pro-apoptotic sorafenib signaling in murine hepatocytes depends on malignancy and is associated with PUMA expression in vitro and in vivo[J]. Cell Death Dis, 2014, 5: e1030. DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2013.557
[8]	SAMARIN J, LAKETA V, MALZ M, et al. PI3K/AKT/mTOR-dependent stabilization of oncogenic far-upstream element binding proteins in hepatocellular carcinoma cells[J]. Hepatology, 2016, 63(3): 813-826. DOI: 10.1002/hep.28357
[9]	WANG M, YU F, CHEN X, et al. The underlying mechanisms of Noncoding RNAs in the chemoresistance of hepatocellular carcinoma[J]. Mol Ther Nucleic Acids, 2020, 21: 13-27. DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2020.05.011
[10]	LAI HH, LI CW, HONG CC, et al. TARBP2-mediated destabilization of Nanog overcomes sorafenib resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma[J]. Mol Oncol, 2019, 13(4): 928-945. DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12449
[11]	FENG J, LI WD, TAN G. Recent advances of long non-coding RNA in tumor resistance by regulating autophagy[J]. Chin J Bases Clin Gen Surg, 2019, 26(7): 882-886. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZPWL201907024.htm 冯京, 李伟东, 谭刚. 长链非编码RNA调控自噬以影响肿瘤耐药的研究进展[J]. 中国普外基础与临床杂志, 2019, 26(7): 882-886. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZPWL201907024.htm
[12]	SHIMIZU S, TAKEHARA T, HIKITA H, et al. Inhibition of autophagy potentiates the antitumor effect of the multikinase inhibitor sorafenib in hepatocellular carcinoma[J]. Int J Cancer, 2012, 131(3): 548-557. DOI: 10.1002/ijc.26374
[13]	CHEN CX, SUN LB, LI T, et al. Study on the molecular mechanism of LncRNA CRNDE up-regulating ATG4B and promoting autophagy of HCC cells[C]// The Chinese Society of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, proceedings of the national academic conference and the 40th anniversary of the fouding of the society in 2019, 114. 陈岺曦, 孙梁博, 李涛, 等. LncRNA CRNDE上调ATG4B的分子机制及其促HCC细胞自噬的作用研究[C]//中国生物化学与分子生物学会, 中国生物化学与分子生物学会2019年全国学术会议暨学会成立四十周年论文集, 2019: 114.
[14]	JING Z, YE X, MA X, et al. SNGH16 regulates cell autophagy to promote Sorafenib Resistance through suppressing miRb via sponging EGR1 in hepatocellular carcinoma[J]. Cancer Medicine, 2020, 9(1): 4324-4338.
[15]	LI X, ZHOU Y, YANG L, et al. LncRNA NEAT1 promotes autophagy via regulating miR-204/ATG3 and enhanced cell resistance to sorafenib in hepatocellular carcinoma[J]. J Cell Physiol, 2020, 235(4): 3402-3413. DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29230
[16]	ZHANG K, CHEN J, ZHOU H, et al. PU. 1/microRNA-142-3p targets ATG5/ATG16L1 to inactivate autophagy and sensitize hepatocellular carcinoma cells to sorafenib[J]. Cell Death Dis, 2018, 9(3): 312. DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0344-0
[17]	LI W, DONG X, HE C, et al. LncRNA SNHG1 contributes to sorafenib resistance by activating the Akt pathway and is positively regulated by miR-21 in hepatocellular carcinoma cells[J]. J Exp Clin Cancer Res, 2019, 38(1): 183. DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1177-0
[18]	HE C, DONG X, ZHAI B, et al. MiR-21 mediates sorafenib resistance of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by inhibiting autophagy via the PTEN/Akt pathway[J]. Oncotarget, 2015, 6(30): 28867-28881. DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4814
[19]	van ZIJL F, MALL S, MACHAT G, et al. A human model of epithelial to mesenchymal transition to monitor drug efficacy in hepatocellular carcinoma progression[J]. Mol Cancer Ther, 2011, 10(5): 850-860. DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-10-0917
[20]	TAKAHASHI K, YAN IK, KOGURE T, et al. Extracellular vesicle-mediated transfer of long non-coding RNA ROR modulates chemosensitivity in human hepatocellular cancer[J]. FEBS Open Bio, 2014, 4: 458-467. DOI: 10.1016/j.fob.2014.04.007
[21]	YANG C, CAI WC, DONG ZT, et al. lncARSR promotes liver cancer stem cells expansion via STAT3 pathway[J]. Gene, 2019, 687: 73-81. DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.10.087
[22]	LU AQ, LV B, QIU F, et al. Upregulation of miR-137 reverses sorafenib resistance and cancer-initiating cell phenotypes by degrading ANT2 in hepatocellular carcinoma[J]. Oncol Rep, 2017, 37(4): 2071-2078. DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.5498
[23]	RAN RZ, CHEN J, CUI LJ, et al. miR-194 inhibits liver cancer stem cell expansion by regulating RAC1 pathway[J]. Exp Cell Res, 2019, 378(1): 66-75. DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2019.03.007
[24]	JIANG ZB, MA BQ, LIU SG, et al. miR-365 regulates liver cancer stem cells via RAC1 pathway[J]. Mol Carcinog, 2019, 58(1): 55-65. DOI: 10.1002/mc.22906
[25]	LI B, LIU D, YANG P, et al. miR-613 inhibits liver cancer stem cell expansion by regulating SOX9 pathway[J]. Gene, 2019, 707: 78-85. DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2019.05.015
[26]	ZHANG PF, WANG F, WU J, et al. LncRNA SNHG3 induces EMT and sorafenib resistance by modulating the miR-128/CD151 pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma[J]. J Cell Physiol, 2019, 234(3): 2788-2794. DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27095
[27]	XIA H, OOI LL, HUI KM. MicroRNA-216a/217-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition targets PTEN and SMAD7 to promote drug resistance and recurrence of liver cancer[J]. Hepatology, 2013, 58(2): 629-641. DOI: 10.1002/hep.26369
[28]	JI C, LIU H, YIN Q, et al. miR-93 enhances hepatocellular carcinoma invasion and metastasis by EMT via targeting PDCD4[J]. Biotechnol Lett, 2017, 39(11): 1621-1629. DOI: 10.1007/s10529-017-2403-5
[29]	JIA H, YANG Q, WANG T, et al. Rhamnetin induces sensitization of hepatocellular carcinoma cells to a small molecular kinase inhibitor or chemotherapeutic agents[J]. Biochim Biophys Acta, 2016, 1860(7): 1417-1430. DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2016.04.007
[30]	LIU K, LIU S, ZHANG W, et al. miR-222 regulates sorafenib resistance and enhance tumorigenicity in hepatocellular carcinoma[J]. Int J Oncol, 2014, 45(4): 1537-1546. DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2014.2577
[31]	LIU K, LIU S, ZHANG W, et al. miR-494 promotes cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and increased sorafenib resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma by targeting PTEN[J]. Oncol Rep, 2015, 34(2): 1003-1010. DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.4030
[32]	FORNARI F, POLLUTRI D, PATRIZI C, et al. In hepatocellular carcinoma miR-221 modulates sorafenib resistance through inhibition of caspase-3-mediated apoptosis[J]. Clin Cancer Res, 2017, 23(14): 3953-3965. DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-16-1464
[33]	CHEN S, XIA X. Long noncoding RNA NEAT1 suppresses sorafenib sensitivity of hepatocellular carcinoma cells via regulating miR-335-c-Met[J]. J Cell Physiol, 2019, 234(9): 14999-15009. DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27567
[34]	AZUMI J, TSUBOTA T, SAKABE T, et al. miR-181a induces sorafenib resistance of hepatocellular carcinoma cells through downregulation of RASSF1 expression[J]. Cancer Sci, 2016, 107(9): 1256-1262. DOI: 10.1111/cas.13006
[35]	YANG F, LI Q, GONG Z, et al. MicroRNA-34a targets Bcl-2 and sensitizes human hepatocellular carcinoma cells to Sorafenib treatment[J]. Technol Cancer Res T, 2014, 13(1): 77-86. DOI: 10.7785/tcrt.2012.500364
[36]	XU Y, HUANG J, MA L, et al. MicroRNA-122 confers sorafenib resistance to hepatocellular carcinoma cells by targeting IGF-1R to regulate RAS/RAF/ERK signaling pathways[J]. Cancer Lett, 2016, 371(2): 171-181. DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.11.034
[37]	VAUPEL P. Prognostic potential of the pre-therapeutic tumor oxygenation status[J]. Adv Exp Med Biol, 2009, 645: 241-246. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/reference/XREF?id=10.1007/978-0-387-85998-9_36
[38]	XU K, HE Z, CHEN M, et al. HIF-1α regulates cellular metabolism, and Imatinib resistance by targeting phosphogluconate dehydrogenase in gastrointestinal stromal tumors[J]. Cell Death Dis, 2020, 11(7): 586-590. DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-02768-4
[39]	YIN X, LIAO Y, XIONG W, et al. Hypoxia-induced lncRNA ANRIL promotes cisplatin resistance in retinoblastoma cells through regulating ABCG2 expression[J]. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol, 2020, 47(6): 1049-1057. DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13279
[40]	SUN Q, ZHANG SY, ZHAO JF, et al. HIF-1α or HOTTIP/CTCF promotes head and neck squamous cell carcinoma progression and drug resistance by targeting HOXA9[J]. Mol Ther Nucleic Acids, 2020, 20: 164-175. DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2019.12.045
[41]	XU H, ZHAO L, FANG Q, et al. MiR-338-3p inhibits hepatocarcinoma cells and sensitizes these cells to sorafenib by targeting hypoxia-induced factor 1α[J]. PLoS One, 2014, 9(12): e115565. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0115565
[42]	TAKAHASHI K, YAN IK, WOOD J, et al. Involvement of extracellular vesicle long noncoding RNA (linc-VLDLR) in tumor cell responses to chemotherapy[J]. Mol Cancer Res, 2014, 12(10): 1377-1387. DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.MCR-13-0636
[43]	KABIR TD, GANDA C, BROWN RM, et al. A microRNA-7/growth arrest specific 6/TYRO3 axis regulates the growth and invasiveness of sorafenib-resistant cells in human hepatocellular carcinoma[J]. Hepatology, 2018, 67(1): 216-231. DOI: 10.1002/hep.29478
[44]	LI M, SU Y, ZHANG F, et al. A dual-targeting reconstituted high density lipoprotein leveraging the synergy of sorafenib and antimiRNA21 for enhanced hepatocellular carcinoma therapy[J]. Acta Biomater, 2018, 75: 413-426. DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.05.049
[45]	ZHAO P, LI M, WANG Y, et al. Enhancing anti-tumor efficiency in hepatocellular carcinoma through the autophagy inhibition by miR-375/sorafenib in lipid-coated calcium carbonate nanoparticles[J]. Acta Biomater, 2018, 72: 248-255. DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.03.022
[46]	TANG S, TAN G, JIANG X, et al. An artificial lncRNA targeting multiple miRNAs overcomes sorafenib resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma cells[J]. Oncotarget, 2016, 7(45): 73257-73269. DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12304
[47]	CHEN Y, RAMJIAWAN RR, REIBERGER T, et al. CXCR4 inhibition in tumor microenvironment facilitates anti-programmed death receptor-1 immunotherapy in sorafenib-treated hepatocellular carcinoma in mice[J]. Hepatology, 2015, 61(5): 1591-1602. DOI: 10.1002/hep.27665

Relative Articles

[1]	Yuanzhen WANG, Renhai TIAN, Yingyuan ZHANG, Danqing XU, Lixian CHANG, Chunyun LIU, Li LIU. Risk factors for concurrent hepatic hydrothorax before intervention in primary liver cancer and construction of a nomogram prediction model[J]. Journal of Clinical Hepatology, 2025, 41(1): 75-83. doi: 10.12449/JCH250112
[2]	Ying WANG, Xirong ZHANG. Performance of a nomogram model established based on clinical indices and magnetic resonance imaging signs in the diagnosis of traditional Chinese medicine syndrome types of primary liver cancer[J]. Journal of Clinical Hepatology, 2024, 40(7): 1411-1419. doi: 10.12449/JCH240720
[3]	Xinyi LI, Jiaojiao LI, Wei SUN. Establishment and evaluation of a nomogram prediction model for overt hepatic encephalopathy after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt in patients with liver cirrhosis and esophagogastric variceal bleeding[J]. Journal of Clinical Hepatology, 2024, 40(8): 1605-1611. doi: 10.12449/JCH240816
[4]	Yuan WEN, Juanjuan ZHU. Clinical efficacy of double plasma molecular absorption system and sequential plasma exchange combined with continuous renal replacement therapy in treatment of acute-on-chronic liver failure with acute kidney injury[J]. Journal of Clinical Hepatology, 2024, 40(3): 556-561. doi: 10.12449/JCH240319
[5]	Shihua ZHANG, Chengzhi BAI, Chunyan LI, Limao XU, Huaqian XU, Shanhong TANG. Risk factors for the prognosis of elderly patients with hepatitis B virus-related acute-on-chronic liver failure and construction of a nomogram model for risk prediction[J]. Journal of Clinical Hepatology, 2024, 40(10): 1976-1984. doi: 10.12449/JCH241009
[6]	Shimei WANG, Shuai JIN, Junru LI, Na WANG, Yan CHEN, Ying CUI, Mingming MA, Xiaoli HU. Influencing factors for the prognosis of patients with drug-induced liver injury and establishment of a nomogram model[J]. Journal of Clinical Hepatology, 2024, 40(3): 562-567. doi: 10.12449/JCH240320
[7]	Naifan PAN, Xuesong SONG. Association between preoperative N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide and acute kidney injury after liver transplantation[J]. Journal of Clinical Hepatology, 2024, 40(8): 1653-1660. doi: 10.12449/JCH240823
[8]	Jiaxuan HU, Tao HAN. An excerpt of Asian Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver clinical practice guidelines on the management of acute kidney injury in acute-on-chronic liver failure in 2024[J]. Journal of Clinical Hepatology, 2024, 40(8): 1575-1578. doi: 10.12449/JCH240811
[9]	Zhuoran LIU, Jing LI, Yu ZHOU, Pingfu XIONG, Li YANG, Wenguang FU. Value of the nomogram based on HALP score in predicting the prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma after hepatectomy[J]. Journal of Clinical Hepatology, 2023, 39(7): 1600-1608. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5256.2023.07.014
[10]	Peng WANG, Zeyu LI, Yating JIANG, Cheng SHANG, Hong WANG. Value of Model for End-Stage Liver Disease score and albumin-bilirubin score combined with β2-microglobulin in predicting liver cirrhosis with acute kidney injury[J]. Journal of Clinical Hepatology, 2023, 39(12): 2839-2844. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5256.2023.12.014
[11]	Mengyue SHANG, Yalin TONG, Yongzhong CHEN, Jie BAO. Influencing factors for acute kidney injury in acute liver failure and establishment of a predictive model[J]. Journal of Clinical Hepatology, 2023, 39(2): 359-364. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5256.2023.02.016
[12]	Songhai CHEN, Chunyan WANG, Chang GUO, Shan ZHANG, Ya DENG, Yinying LU, Dong JI. Establishment of a nomogram model for predicting the survival of hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma[J]. Journal of Clinical Hepatology, 2022, 38(7): 1566-1571. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5256.2022.07.020
[13]	Chunyan WANG, Wucai YANG, Wenhui TAN, Ya DENG, Chang GUO, Shan ZHANG, Jianjun WANG, Guofeng CHEN, Dong JI. Value of a nomogram model in predicting significant liver injury in patients with immune-tolerant phase chronic hepatitis B[J]. Journal of Clinical Hepatology, 2021, 37(7): 1529-1533. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5256.2021.07.010
[14]	Ning QiQi, Gao Yuan, Duan MeiLi, Liu HaiXia, Meng QingHua, Yu HongWei, Hu ZhongJie, Zhu YueKe. Efficacy and safety of regional citrate anticoagulation in patients with severe liver diseases and acute kidney injury receiving continuals renal replacement therapy[J]. Journal of Clinical Hepatology, 2020, 36(5): 1055-1058. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5256.2020.05.021
[15]	CHEN WenJi, LIANG Wei, ZHOU YongJian. Acute kidney injury and hepatorenal syndrome in end-stage liver disease[J]. Journal of Clinical Hepatology, 2020, 36(11): 2423-2428. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5256.2020.11.006
[16]	Zang YouYa, Long PeiYun, Han ZhiWei, Wang Huan, Ruan JingSheng, Huang Shan, Wu GuoBin, Chen Chuang. Establishment and verification of a nomogram for predicting patient prognosis after hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma[J]. Journal of Clinical Hepatology, 2019, 35(10): 2225-2230. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5256.2019.10.019
[17]	Li Ming, Chen RuLi, Wu ZhenPing, Cheng XiaoYu, Mei Qing, Zhang LunLi, Li XiaoPeng. Value of combined measurement of urinary insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 7 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-2 in predicting acute kidney injury associated with HBV-related acute-on-chronic liver failure[J]. Journal of Clinical Hepatology, 2019, 35(7): 1560-1564. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5256.2019.07.027
[18]	Lei Lei, Li LiangPing, Zhang Hu. Value of combined measurement of serum cystatin C and urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin in diagnosis of acute kidney injury secondary to cirrhotic ascites[J]. Journal of Clinical Hepatology, 2018, 34(1): 101-105. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5256.2018.01.021
[19]	Wan ZhiHong, Wang JianJun, Xie GuoMing, You ShaoLi, Liu HongLing, Zhu Bing, Zang Hong, Xin ShaoJie. Significance of serum cystatin C level for early diagnosis of acute kidney injury in patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure[J]. Journal of Clinical Hepatology, 2014, 30(7): 666-669. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5256.2014.07.024
[20]	Cai JunJun, Han Tao. Diagnosis and treatment of acute kidney injury in patients with cirrhosis[J]. Journal of Clinical Hepatology, 2014, 30(12): 1352-1356. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5256.2014.12.030

Supplements(0)

Cited By

Proportional views

Proportional views

通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

1.
沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142

Figures(1) / Tables(1)

Get Citation

PDF

XML

Article Metrics

Article views (1057) PDF downloads(49)

Mechanism of action of non-coding RNA in sorafenib resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma

DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5256.2021.03.040

Abstract

References

Relative Articles

Proportional views

Catalog

通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

Article Metrics

Proportional views

Related

Mechanism of action of non-coding RNA in sorafenib resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma

DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5256.2021.03.040

Abstract

References

Relative Articles

Proportional views

Catalog

通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

Article Metrics

Proportional views

Related

About Journal

Submission Guideline

Journal Online

Hepatobiliary College

Guidelines

Export File

Citation

Format

Content