Objective To observe the efficacy of Chaowei Zhikangyin in the treatment of the rat model of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).Methods A rat model of NAFLD was established by feeding 50 Sprague-Dawley rats with high-fat diet for 6 weeks and was confirmed by liver pathological examination.Then,the model rats were randomly divided into five groups:low-,medium-,and high-dose Chaowei Zhikangyin groups(given Chaowei Zhikangyin by gavage),Kezhi capsule treatment group(given a suspension of Kezhi capsules),and model group(orally given distilled water).In addition,control rats were fed with normal diet and then treated with distilled water.Six weeks later,the liver function,blood lipids,liver lipids,and liver histology were examined.Results All Chaowei Zhikangyin groups were superior to the model group in terms of alanine aminotransferase,aspartate aminotransferase,total cholesterol(TC),and triglyceride(TG) in serum and TC and TG in liver tissues(P < 0.05),but there were no significant differences between these Chaowei Zhikangyin groups and Kezhi capsule treatment group(P > 0.05).Different degrees of liver inflammation was observed in the model group and Chaowei Zhikangyin groups; however,the Chaowei Zhikangyin groups and Kezhi capsule treatment group had reduced liver inflammation compared with the model group(P < 0.05),and the Kezhi capsule treatment group showed a significantly more improvement than these Chaowei Zhikangyin groups(P < 0.05).Conclusion Chaowei Zhikangyin can improve liver function,reduce blood lipids,and inhibit liver inflammation in rats with NAFLD,and it has comparable efficacy to Kezhi capsules.This therapy can be used for treating NAFLD.