细胞焦亡在肝脏疾病中的作用

肖伟松; 乐滢玉; 曾胜澜; 覃小宾; 吴聪; 牙程玉; 毛德文

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-5256.2020.12.044

细胞焦亡在肝脏疾病中的作用

DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5256.2020.12.044

1. 广西中医药大学研究生学院
2. 广西中医药大学第一附属医院肝病一区

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金面上项目（81774236）;国家自然科学基金（81460718）;国家自然科学基金（81960841）；广西研究生教育创新计划资助项目（YCSY2019006）；

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中图分类号: R575
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-06-19
- 出版日期: 2020-12-20

Role of pyroptosis in liver diseases

Graduate School,Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine
First Ward of Liver Diseases,The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine

Research funding:

摘要

摘要:
细胞焦亡是近年来发现的一种不同于细胞坏死、凋亡、自噬的细胞程序性死亡的新形式,其特征是在Gasdermin介导下,细胞膜发生破裂,并释放细胞内容物和促炎因子,进而导致细胞死亡。细胞焦亡信号通路分为依赖于半胱氨酸天冬氨酸酶-1（caspase-1）的经典型途径和依赖于caspase-4、5、11的非经典型途径,其中经典型途径中caspase-1的激活依赖于炎性小体发挥作用,非经典型途径则是直接激活caspase-4、5、11,最终导致gasdermin D（GSDMD）蛋白裂解,诱导膜孔隙的形成,IL-1β、IL-18成熟及释放,细胞膜破裂而发生焦亡。而最新研究表明,细胞焦亡参与慢性肝脏疾病患者的发生发展过程,并在其中发挥重要作用。因此,着重介绍了细胞焦亡的机制,归纳总结了细胞焦亡在非酒精性脂肪性肝病、酒精性肝病、病毒性肝炎、肝硬化、肝细胞癌发生、发展中作用的研究进展,以期为临床肝病的防治提供新思路和新方法。
- 细胞焦亡 /
- 肝疾病 /
- 炎性体 /
- 病理过程
Abstract:
As a novel form of programmed cell death different from cell necrosis,apoptosis,and autophagy discovered in recent years,pyroptosis is characterized by cell membrane rupture and release of cell contents and proinflammatory factors mediated by gasdermin,thus leading to cell death. Pyroptosis signaling pathways can be classified into classical pathways dependent on caspase-1 and non-classical pathways dependent on caspase-4/5/11; the activation of caspase-1 in classical pathways depends on the function of inflammasome,while the direct activation of caspase-4/5/11 is observed in non-classical pathways,which leads to the lysis of gasdermin D and induce the formation of membrane pores,the maturation and release of interleukin-1β and interleukin-18,and the rupture of cell membrane to cause pyroptosis. Latest research has shown that pyroptosis plays an important role in the development and progression of chronic liver diseases. This article introduces the mechanism of pyroptosis and summarizes the role of pyroptosis in the development and progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease,alcoholic liver disease,viral hepatitis,liver cirrhosis,and hepatocellular carcinoma,in order to provide new ideas and methods for the prevention and treatment of liver diseases in clinical practice.
- pyroptosis /
- liver disease /
- inflammasome /
- pathologic processes

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参考文献(29)

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