Objective To evaluate the safety and clinical effect of albumin dialysis combined with plasma perfusion in the treatment of liver failure. Methods Seventeen patients with liver failure were treated with albumin dialysis combined with plasma perfusion from January 2010 to April 2012. The treatment outcomes were evaluated based on the changes in routine blood results, biochemical indices, and blood coagulation indices, as well as clinical manifestations and vital signs. Comparison of means before and after treatment was made by paired t- test. Results The patients showed no significant changes in levels of hemoglobin, platelet, and fibrinogen after treatment ( P > 0. 05 for all) . After treatment, all patients showed variable improvements in clinical symptoms including weakness, poor appetite, abdominal distension, and low spirit. The patients had significantly decreased levels of total bilirubin ( t = 12. 74, P < 0. 01) , creatinine ( t = 4. 74, P < 0. 01) , and blood ammonia ( t = 7. 22, P < 0. 01) after single treatment. Of the patients with hepatic encephalopathy, 71% showed improvements, and 60% of patients with hepatorenal syndrome showed improvements. Among all patients, 64. 7% were cured or showed improvements when discharged. Conclusion Albumin dialysis combined with plasma perfusion is safe and effective in the treatment of liver failure, especially for patients with hepatic encephalopathy and hepatorenal syndrome.