|
[1]GEERTS A.History,heterogeneity,developmental biology,and functions of quiescent hepatic stellate cells[J].Semin Liver Dis,2001,21(3):311-335.
|
|
[2]FIORUCCI S,ANTONELLI E,MORELLI A.Nitric oxide and portal hypertension:a nitric oxide-releasing derivative of ursodeoxycholic actd that selectively releases nitric oxide in the liver[J].Dig Liver Dis,2003,35(Suppl 2):61-69.
|
|
[3] FIORUCCI S,ANTONELLI E,MORELLI O,et al.NCX-1000,a NO-releasing derivative of ursodeoxycholic acid,selectively delivers NO to the liver and protects against development of portal hypertension[J].PNAS,2001,98(15):8897-8902.
|
|
[4]IWAMOTO H,SAKAI H,KOTOH K,et al.Soluble Arg-Gly-Asp peptides reduce collagen accumulation in cultured rat hepatic stellate cells[J].Dig Dis Sci,1999,44:1038-1045.
|
|
[5] SHI Z,WAKIL AE,ROCKEY DC.Strain-specific differences in mouse hepatic wound healing are mediated by divergent T helper cytokine responses[J].Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A,1997,94(20):10663-10668.
|
|
[6]SHER A,JANKOVIC D,CHEEVER A,et al.An IL-12-based vaccine approach for preventing immunopathology in schistosomiasis[J].Ann NY Acad Sci,1996,795:202-207.
|
|
[7]NELSON DR,LAUWERS GY,LAU JY,et al.Interleukin 10treatment reduces fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C:a pilot trial of interferon nonresponders[J].Gastroenterology,2000,118(4):655-660.
|
|
[8] CICHOZ-LACH H,CELINSKI K,SLOMKA M,et al.Pathophysiology of portal hypertension[J].J Physiol Pharmacol,2008,59(Suppl 2):231-238.
|
|
[9] PAQUET KJ.Causes and pathomechanisms of oesophageal varices development[J].Med Sci Monit,2000,6:915-928.
|
|
[10] AQARWAL A,JAIN M.Multidetector CT portal venography in evaluation of portosystemic collateral vessels[J].J Med Imaqing Radiat Oncol,2008,52(1):4-9.
|
|
[11]ZHAO LQ,HE W,CHEN G.64-row multidetector computed tomography portal venography of gastric variceal collateral circulation[J].World J Gastroenterol,2008,14(34):5331-5335.
|
|
[12]SENO H,KONISHI Y,WADA M,et al.Improvement of collateral vessels in the vicinity of gastric cardia after endoscopic variceal ligation therapy for esophageal varices[J].Clin Gastroenrol Hepatol,2004,2(5):400-404.
|
|
[13]BERZIQOTTI A,MERKEL C,MAQALOTTI D,et al.New abdominal collaterals at ultrasound:a clue of progression of portal hypertension[J].Dig Liver Dis,2008,40(1):62-67.
|
|
[14] TARATINO G,CITRO V,CONCA P,et al.What are the implications of the spontaneous spleno-renal shunts in liver cirrhosis?[J].BMC Gastroenterol,2009,9:89.
|
|
[15]FERNANDEZ-CUADRADO J,ALONSO-TORRES A,BAUDRAXLER F,et al.Three-dimensional contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography of congenital inferior vena cave anomalies[J].Semin Pediatr Surg,2005,14(4):226-232.
|
|
[16] YOSHIKAWA T,MITHELL DG.MR evaluation of portal hypertensive collateral shunting vessels for predicting outcome after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt[J].Magn Reson Med Sci,2011,10(1):21-27.
|
|
[17] KIMURA K,OHTO M,MATSUTANI S,et al.Relative frequencies of portosystemic pathways and renal shunt formation through the“posterior”gastric vein:portography study in 460 patients[J].Hepatology,1990,12(4 pt 1):725-728.
|
|
[18] WIDRICH WC,SRINIVASAN M,SEMINE MC,et al.Collateral pathways of the left gastric vein in portal hypertension[J].AJR Am J Roentgenol,1984,142(2):375-382.
|
|
[19] ITO K,HIGUCHI M,KADA T,et al.CT of acquired abnormalities of the portal venous system[J].Radiographics,1997,17(4):897-917.
|
|
[20]TAYLOR CR.Computed tomography in the evaluation of the portal venous system[J].J Clin Gastroenterol,1992,14(2):167-172.
|
|
[21]HANDSCHIN AE,WEBER M,WEISHAUPT D,et al.Contrastenhanced three-dimensional magnetic resonance angiography for visualization of ectopic varices[J].Dis Colon Rectum,2002,45(11):1541-1544.
|
|
[22] KOTFILA R,TRUDEAU W.Extraesophageal varices[J].Dig Dis Sci,1998,16(4):232-241.
|
|
[23]FIROOZI B,GAMAGARIS Z,WEINSHEL EH,et al.Endoscopic band ligation of bleeding rectal varices[J].Dig Dis Sci,2002,47(7):1502-1505.
|
|
[24] CHAWLA Y,DILAWARI JB.Anorectal varices——their frequency in cirrhotic and non-cirrhotic portal hypertension[J].Gut,1991,32(3):309-311.
|
|
[25]OLUSOLA BF,Mc CASHLAND TM,SEEMAYER TA,et al.Rectovesical ectopic varix intraperitoneal hemorrhage with fatal outcome[J].Am J Gastroenterol,2002,97(2):504.
|
|
[26] BELLAICHE G,NOUTS A,BRASSIER D,et al.Digestive hemorrhage due to rupture of the caecal varices in a patient with cirrhosis[J].Gastroenterol Clin Biol,1999,23(2):276-278.
|
|
[27]KOBAYASHI K,YAMAGUCHI J,MIZOE A,et al.Successful treatment of bleeding due to ileal varices in a patient with hepatocellular carcinoma[J].Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol,2001,13(1):63-66.
|
|
[28] KANG HK,JEONG YY,CHOI JH,et al.Three-dimensional multi-detector row CT portal venography in the evaluation of portosystemic collateral vessels in liver cirrhosis[J].Radiographics,2002,22(5):1053-1061.
|
|
[29] WEST MS,GARRA BS,HORII SC,et al.Gallbladder varices:imaging findings in patients with portal hypertension[J].Radiology,1991,179(1):179-182.
|
|
[30] CHAWLA Y,DILAWARI JB,KATARIYA S.Gallbladder varices in portal vein thrombosis[J].AJR Am J Roentgenol,1994,162(3):643-645.
|
|
[31]AGARWAL A,JAIN M.Multidetector CT portal venography in evaluation of portosystemic collateral vessels[J].J Med Imaging Radiat Oncol,2008,52(1):4-9.
|
|
[32]KUTLU R,ALKAN A,SIQIRCI A.Pericardiacophrenic shunt:imaging finding of rare splenosystemic collateral.Case report[J].Surg Radiol Anat,2006,28(4):426-428.
|
|
[33] GEBRAEL J,YU H,HYSLOP WB.Spontaneous portoazygos shunt in a patient with portal hypertension[J].J Radiol Case Rep,2013,7(7):32-36.
|
|
[34] LEBREC D,BENHAMOU JP.Ectopic varices in portal hypertension[J].Clin Gastroenterol,1985,14(1):105-121.
|
|
[35] HASHIZUME M,TANOUE K,OHTA M,et al.Vascular anatomy of duodenal varices:angiographic and histopathological assessments[J].Am J Gastroenterol,1993,88(11):1942-1945.
|
|
[36] KHOUQEER F,MORROW C,JORDAN P.Duodenal varices as a cause of massive upper gastrointestinal bleeding[J].Surgery,1987,102(3):548-552.
|
|
[37]FUCINI C,WOLFF BG,DOZOIS RR.Bleeding from peristomal varices:perspectives on prevention and treatment[J].Dis Colon Rectum,1991,34(12):1074-1078.
|
|
[38]TURC J,GERQELE L,ATTOF R,et al.A new site for venous access:superficial veins of portal collateral circulation[J].Am J Emerg Med,2012,30(1):258.
|
DownLoad: