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聚乙二醇干扰素α-2b治疗HBeAg阴性慢性乙型肝炎患者发生HBsAg清除的影响因素以及预测模型的构建

张映媛,  许丹青,  木唤,  何愿强,  王远珍,  刘春云,  李卫昆,  牟春燕,  刘立

引用本文:
Citation:

聚乙二醇干扰素α-2b治疗HBeAg阴性慢性乙型肝炎患者发生HBsAg清除的影响因素以及预测模型的构建

DOI: 10.12449/JCH250810
基金项目: 

云南省科技计划项目 (2017FH001-088)

伦理学声明:本研究方案于2024年1月31日经由昆明市第三人民医院伦理委员会审批,批号:KSLL2024013007,所纳入患者均签署知情同意书。
利益冲突声明:本文不存在任何利益冲突。
作者贡献声明:张映媛、刘立、牟春燕等负责课题设计;张映媛负责资料分析,撰写论文;牟春燕、许丹青负责文献查找及分析;木唤、何愿强、王远珍、刘春云、李卫昆参与收集分析数据;刘立负责拟定写作思路;张映媛、牟春燕负责修改论文并最后定稿。
详细信息
    通信作者:

    牟春燕, 784652835@qq.com (ORCID: 0009-0000-7301-3302)

    刘立, liuli197210@163.com (ORCID: 0000-0001-7712-4931)

Analysis of influencing factors and construction of predictive model for HBsAg clearance in patients with HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B treated with PEG-IFN-α-2b

Research funding: 

Yunnan Province Science and Technology Plan Project (2017FH001-088)

More Information
  • 摘要:   目的  探讨HBeAg阴性慢性乙型肝炎(CHB)患者在接受聚乙二醇干扰素(PEG-IFN-α-2b)治疗后发生HBsAg清除的预测因素,比较不同特征下各指标对HBsAg清除率的影响,建立联合预测模型,并评估模型的诊断价值。  方法  收集2021年5月—2023年5月于昆明市第三人民医院就诊的HBeAg阴性的CHB患者,共125例,入组患者使用PEG-IFN-α-2b联合核苷(酸)类似物(NUC)治疗,疗程满48周,分为HBsAg清除组和HBsAg未清除组,分别观察患者一般资料和治疗中不同时间节点的血清学生化指标、病毒学指标。符合正态分布的计量资料两组间比较采用成组t检验;非正态分布的计量资料两组间比较采用Mann-Whitney U检验,不同时间点比较采用多配对样本秩和检验的Friedman检验。计数资料两组间比较采用χ2检验。Logistic回归分析筛选变量,建立多参数联合预测模型,采用受试者操作特征曲线(ROC曲线)评价单个指标以及联合预测模型对HBsAg清除的诊断价值。  结果  两组患者治疗前基线HBsAg水平(Z=-3.997)和治疗经历(χ2=8.221)差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。治疗中WBC(χ2=104.944)、中性粒细胞(NEUT)(χ2=132.036)、PLT(χ2=162.881)、促甲状腺激素(TSH)(χ2=83.304)逐渐下降(P值均<0.05),ALT(χ2=157.618)、AFP(χ2=159.472)逐渐升高(P值均<0.05)。治疗48周时两组患者治疗经历(OR=0.232,95%CI:0.071~0.753)、HBsAg基线值(OR=13.423,95%CI:3.276~54.997)、HBsAg治疗12周较基线下降水平(OR=0.143,95%CI:0.040~0.515)、治疗过程中ALT最大值(OR=0.986,95%CI:0.980~0.993)、治疗过程中TSH最小值(OR=3.281,95%CI:1.413~7.619)是HBsAg清除的独立影响因素(P值均<0.05)。构建HBsAg清除的联合预测模型Y=-1.603-1.462×治疗经历+2.597×HBsAg基线值-1.944×HBsAg治疗12周较基线下降水平-0.014×治疗中ALT最大值+1.188×治疗中TSH最小值。单个指标预测HBsAg清除的ROC曲线下面积(AUC)从高到低依次为治疗中ALT最大值(AUC=0.824)、HBsAg基线值(AUC=0.727)、治疗中TSH最小值(AUC=0.707)、HBsAg治疗12周较基线下降水平(AUC=0.641)、治疗经历(AUC=0.636),而联合模型的预测价值更高(AUC=0.921);联合预测模型的诊断效能与单一指标比较,显著提升(P值均<0.05)。  结论  由HBsAg基线值、HBsAg治疗12周较基线下降水平、治疗中ALT最大值、治疗中TSH最小值等构建的联合预测模型对PEG-IFN-α-2b治疗HBeAg阴性的CHB患者48周发生HBsAg清除的预测价值较高,可为筛选适合治疗的患者和预测临床治愈提供参考。

     

  • 图  1  单个指标以及联合预测模型预测48周HBsAg清除的ROC曲线

    Figure  1.  ROC curves of individual indicators and combined predictive model for HBsAg clearance at 48 weeks

    表  1  125例 HBeAg 阴性 CHB 患者 PEG-IFN-α-2b 联合 NUC 治疗的基线特征

    Table  1.   Baseline characteristics of PEG-IFN-α-2b combined with NUC treatment in 127 HBeAg negative CHB patients

    指标 总计(n=125) 48周时HBsAg状态 统计值 P值
    HBsAg清除组(n=37) HBsAg未清除组(n=88)
    性别[例(%)] χ2 =0.136 0.712
    男 88(70.40) 24(64.86) 54(61.36)
    女 37(29.60) 13(35.14) 34(38.64)
    年龄(岁) 34.07±12.46 35.59±13.50 33.42±12.02 t=0.885 0.378
    治疗经历[例(%)] χ2=8.221 0.004
    经治联合 47(37.60) 21(56.76) 26(29.55)
    初治联合 78(62.40) 16(43.24) 62(70.45)
    治疗方案[例(%)] χ2=2.765 0.429
    PEG-IFN-α-2b联合TEV 44(35.20) 9(24.32) 35(39.77)
    PEG-IFN-α-2b联合TMF 38(30.40) 13(35.14) 25(28.41)
    PEG-IFN-α-2b联合TDF 25(20.00) 9(24.32) 16(18.18)
    PEG-IFN-α-2b联合TAF 18(14.40) 6(16.22) 12(13.64)
    HBV DNA状态 χ2=2.637 0.104
    阳性 68(54.40) 16(43.24) 36(40.91)
    阴性 57(45.60) 21(56.76) 52(59.09)
    HBsAg (log10 IU/mL) 3.04(2.03~3.89) 1.94(0.78~3.33) 3.12(2.57~3.94) Z=-3.997 <0.001
    WBC (×109/L) 5.14±1.57 5.17±1.90 5.13±1.44 t=0.102 0.919
    NEUT(×109/L) 2.65(1.71~3.30) 2.31(1.51~3.27) 2.65(1.75~3.29) Z=-0.430 0.667
    Hb(g/L) 155.95±28.15 153.56±31.88 156.94±26.61 t=-0.605 0.546
    PLT(×1012/L) 212.00(159.50~257.00) 221.00(167.00~263.00) 211.00(164.25~258.25) Z=-0.914 0.361
    TBil(μmol/L) 13.00(9.45~19.20) 13.60(9.80~19.40) 12.75(9.55~17.83) Z=-0.357 0.721
    ALT(U/L) 46.00(23.00~105.00) 49.00(23.00~125.00) 43.00(22.25~99.50) Z=-0.281 0.778
    TSH(μIU/mL) 2.67(2.16~3.87) 2.72(2.16~3.69) 2.62(2.15~4.15) Z=-0.327 0.744
    AFP(ng/mL) 2.80(2.14~1.05) 2.92(1.97~4.74) 2.78(2.11~3.89) Z=-0.149 0.882
    LSM(kPa) 6.37(4.80~8.95) 6.60(4.50~8.90) 6.20(4.70~9.30) Z=-0.008 0.994
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  HBeAg阴性CHB患者经PEG-IFN-α-2b联合NUC治疗前后生化指标的变化

    Table  2.   Changes of biochemical indexes of HBeAg negative CHB patients before and after PEG-IFN-α-2b combined with NUC treatment

    指标 基线 治疗12周 治疗24周 χ2值 P值
    WBC(×109/L) 5.16(4.21~5.94) 3.52(2.85~4.51)1) 3.25(2.61~4.33)1) 104.944 <0.001
    NEUT(×109/L) 2.65(1.71~3.30) 1.47(1.16~1.85)1) 1.05(0.82~1.51)1)2) 132.036 <0.001
    PLT(×1012/L) 212.0(159.50~257.00) 132.00(99.00~159.50)1) 98.00(80.00~131.00)1)2) 162.881 <0.001
    ALT(U/L) 46.00(23.00~105.00) 52.00(39.50~94.50) 100.00(61.00~158.50)1)2) 157.618 <0.001
    TSH(μIU/mL) 2.67(2.16~3.87) 2.14(1.25~3.25) 1.59(0.89~2.26)1)2) 83.304 <0.001
    AFP(ng/mL) 2.80(2.14~4.05) 4.52(2.70~6.50)1) 8.16(5.32~13.81)1)2) 159.472 <0.001

    注:与基线比较,1)P<0.05;与治疗12周比较,2)P<0.05。

    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析HBeAg阴性CHB患者治疗48周HBsAg清除的影响因素

    Table  3.   Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis of influencing factors on HBsAg clearance in HBeAg negative CHB patients after 48 weeks of treatment

    指标 单因素分析 多因素分析
    β值 P值 OR 95%CI β值 P值 OR 95%CI
    性别(男/女) -0.368 0.381 0.692 0.304~1.575
    年龄(岁) -0.014 0.375 0.986 0.956~1.017
    治疗经历(经治联合/初治联合) -1.141 0.005 0.320 0.144~0.708 -1.462 0.015 0.232 0.071~0.753
    HBV DNA状态(阴性/阳性) -0.640 0.107 0.527 0.243~1.147
    HBsAg基线值(log10 IU/mL) 0.743 <0.001 2.102 1.481~2.983 2.597 <0.001 13.423 3.276~54.997
    HBsAg 12周较基线下降水平(log10 IU/mL) 0.388 0.011 1.473 1.092~1.988 -1.944 0.003 0.143 0.040~0.515
    HBsAg 24周较基线下降水平(log10 IU/mL) 0.605 <0.001 1.832 1.317~2.548 0.370 0.135 1.447 0.892~2.349
    治疗中WBC最小值(×109/L) 0.186 0.346 1.204 0.818~1.772
    治疗中NEUT最小值(×109/L) 1.243 0.081 3.468 0.857~14.030
    治疗中PLT最小值(×1012/L) 0.010 0.108 1.010 0.998~1.022
    治疗中ALT最大值(U/L) -0.008 0.001 0.992 0.988~0.997 -0.014 <0.001 0.986 0.980~0.993
    治疗中TSH最小值(μIU/mL) 1.000 0.001 2.718 1.476~5.003 1.188 0.006 3.281 1.413~7.619
    治疗中AFP最大值(ng/mL) -0.032 0.071 0.968 0.935~1.003
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  4  单个指标以及联合预测模型诊断价值比较

    Table  4.   Comparison of diagnostic value between individual indicators and combined predictive model

    指标 AUC 截断值 约登指数 敏感度(%) 特异度(%) 95%CI Z值 P值
    治疗经历(经治联合/初治联合) 0.636 0.273 56.80 70.50 0.527~0.745 -5.794 <0.001
    HBsAg基线值(log10 IU/mL) 0.727 2.13 0.443 56.80 87.50 0.624~0.830 -3.766 <0.001
    HBsAg 12周较基线下降水平(log10 IU/mL) 0.641 1.81 0.348 56.80 75.00 0.535~0.748 -4.911 <0.001
    治疗中ALT最大值(U/L) 0.824 152.00 0.594 73.00 86.40 0.612~0.802 -2.077 0.006
    治疗中TSH最小值(μIU/mL) 0.707 1.26 0.427 75.50 67.00 0.612~0.802 -4.133 <0.001
    联合预测 0.921 0.758 83.80 92.00 0.866~0.975
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  5  不同特征下 HBsAg 的清除率比较

    Table  5.   Comparison of the HBsAg clearance rates in CHB patients with different characteristics

    指标 例数 HBsAg清除 HBsAg未清除 χ2值 P值
    治疗经历[例(%)] 8.221 0.004
    经治联合 47 21(44.68) 26(55.32)
    初治联合 78 16(20.51) 62(79.49)
    HBsAg基线值[例(%)] 26.787 <0.001
    ≤2.13 log10 IU/mL 32 21(65.63) 11(34.37)
    >2.13 log10 IU/mL 93 16(17.20) 77(82.80)
    HBsAg 治疗12周较基线下降水平[例(%)] 1.266 0.261
    ≥1.81 log10 IU/mL 82 27(32.93) 55(67.07)
    <1.81 log10 IU/mL 43 10(23.26) 33(76.74)
    治疗中‍ALT最大值[例(%)] 46.073 <0.001
    ≥152 U/L 40 28(70.00) 12(30.00)
    <152 U/L 85 9(10.59) 76(89.41)
    治疗中TSH最小值[例(%)] 18.112 <0.001
    ≤1.26 μIU/mL 58 28(48.28) 30(51.72)
    >1.26 μIU/mL 67 9(13.43) 58(86.57)
    下载: 导出CSV
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