在肝细胞癌(HCC)的治疗中,放射治疗日益成为一种重要的治疗策略。然而,对放射治疗的抵抗是成功治疗的主要障碍之一。因此,该研究旨在阐明放射抵抗的机制,并寻找可靠的生物靶点,以提高HCC放射治疗的疗效。
从无标记的定量蛋白质组筛选中,确定转移RNA(tRNA;鸟嘌呤-N[7]-)甲基转移酶1(METTL1)是N7-甲基鸟苷(M7G)tRNA修饰的关键酶,是HCC细胞辐射抗性的重要驱动因素。通过体外和体内功能丧失及功能获得实验分析,发现METTL1促进DNA双链断裂(DSB)修复,并使HCC细胞对电离辐射产生抵抗。
在机制上,METTL1介导的M7G tRNA修饰选择性地调节电离辐射处理后DNA依赖的蛋白激酶催化亚基或DNA连接酶Ⅳ的翻译,从而导致非同源末端连接(NHEJ)介导的DNA DSB修复效率提高。临床上,肿瘤组织中METTL1的高表达与接受放射治疗的HCC患者的不良预后显著相关。
研究表明,METTL1是电离辐射治疗后HCC细胞基于NHEJ的DNA修复的关键增强剂。这些发现有助于了解tRNA修饰在信使RNA翻译控制中的作用。
摘译自LIAO J, YI Y, YUE X, et al. Methyltransferase 1 is required for nonhomologous end-joining repair and renders hepatocellular carcinoma resistant to radiotherapy[J]. Hepatology, 2022. DOI: 10.1002/hep.32615. [Online ahead of print]
(吉林大学第一医院感染病中心肝病科 韩雨金 金清龙 报道)
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