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Volume 41 Issue 11
Nov.  2025
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Article Navigation >  Journal of Clinical Hepatology  > 2025  >  41(11): 2336-2342

Clinical features and traditional Chinese medicine syndrome distribution of treatment-naïve patients with hepatitis B virus-related primary liver cancer： An analysis of 99 cases

DOI: 10.12449/JCH251121

  • Department of Hepatology and Infectious Diseases，The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine，Changsha 410007，China

Research funding:

National Natural Science Foundation of China (81904182);

Training Program for Excellent Young Innovators of Changsha (kq2209020);

Excellent Youth Project of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine (2022XJB006);

Graduate Student Innovation Research Project of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine (2024CX113)

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  • Corresponding author: YUAN Wei， 609765439@qq.com （ORCID： 0000-0001-8278-5160）
  • Received Date: 2025-04-09
  • Accepted Date: 2025-07-28
  • Published Date: 2025-11-25
    Abstract
  •   Objective  To investigate the clinical features and traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） syndrome distribution of treatment-naïve patients with hepatitis B virus-related primary liver cancer （HBV-PLC）， and to provide a basis for integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine in the prevention and treatment of HBV-PLC.  Methods  A retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of 99 treatment-naïve HBV-PLC patients who were admitted to Department of Hepatology and Infectious Diseases in The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine from January 2019 to December 2024. According to whether the patient received standardized antiviral therapy （for ≥3 years）， they were divided into antiviral group and non-antiviral group， and according to the status of HBeAg， they were divided into HBeAg-positive group and HBeAg-negative group. Demographic features， laboratory test results， imaging data， and TCM syndrome data were collected， and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio （NLR）， Child-Pugh score， and CNLC stage were calculated. The independent samples t-test was used for comparison of normally distributed continuous data between two groups， and the chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data between groups.  Results  The 99 treatment-naïve HBV-PLC patients had a mean age of 57.12±11.60 years， and the patients aged 50 — 75 years accounted for the highest proportion of 72.7%， with a male/female ratio of 5.2∶1. The patients with liver cirrhosis accounted for 81.8%， and 67.7% of the patients did not receive antiviral therapy in the past. The positive rates of HBV DNA， HBeAg， and alpha-fetoprotein were 80.8%， 18.2%， and 69.7%， respectively， and the patients with Child-Pugh class A/B disease accounted for 89.9%. Compared with the non-antiviral group， the antiviral group had a significantly smaller maximum tumor diameter （t=2.310， P=0.024）， a significantly lower HBV DNA positive rate （χ2=14.006， P<0.001）， and a significantly lower number of tumor thrombi （χ2=7.347， P=0.007）. In addition， there were significant differences between the HBeAg-negative group and the HBeAg-positive group in Child-Pugh class （χ2=6.780， P=0.034） and CNLC stage （χ2=8.746， P=0.033）. Among the 99 treatment-naïve HBV-PLC patients， 41.4% had liver depression and spleen deficiency with blood stasis， 22.2% had Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome， and 19.2% had damp-heat accumulation with blood stasis.  Conclusion  Treatment-naïve HBV-PLC patients are mainly middle-aged and elderly male individuals， and most of the patients are comorbid with liver cirrhosis. Standardized antiviral therapy can significantly reduce tumor burden and improve virologic response， with better hepatic compensation in HBeAg-negative patients， and hypoproteinemia is more common in patients with Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome.

     

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