In recent years， significant progress has been made in the radiological diagnosis， molecular profiling， and systemic therapy of cholangiocarcinoma（CCA）. Nevertheless， there are still many challenges in early identification， precise classification， and effective management. Given the marked heterogeneity between CCA subtypes and the recent research advances， the European Association for the Study of the Liver has developed evidence-based management recommendations for extrahepatic CCA， covering both perihilar and distal subtypes. This guideline particularly emphasizes the need for precise classification systems， the integration of emerging molecular studies， and practical diagnostic and therapeutic strategies reflecting real-world clinical scenarios.
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