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CN 22-1108/R
Volume 41 Issue 4
Apr.  2025
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Article Navigation >  Journal of Clinical Hepatology  > 2025  >  41(4): 703-712

Expression and significance of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2， vascular endothelial growth factor-A， and programmed death-ligand 1 in gallbladder cancer

DOI: 10.12449/JCH250416

  • Department of Hepatobiliary，Pancreatic and Splenic Surgery，The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University，Hohhot 010030，China

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  • Corresponding author: ZHANG Wenhua， zhangwenhua985@126.com （ORCID： 0009-0004-8806-9113）
  • Received Date: 2024-08-19
  • Accepted Date: 2024-09-23
  • Published Date: 2025-04-25
    Abstract
  •   Objective  To investigate the expression and prognostic significance of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 （HER-2）， vascular endothelial growth factor-A （VEGF-A）， and programmed death-ligand 1 （PD-L1） in gallbladder cancer， and to provide a theoretical basis for subsequent research.  Methods  A retrospective analysis was performed for the postoperative specimens and clinical data of 55 patients who underwent radical cholecystectomy for gallbladder cancer and had pathologically confirmed gallbladder adenocarcinoma in The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University from December 2017 to September 2019. Immunohistochemical staining was used to measure the expression levels of HER-2， VEGF-A， and PD-L1 in cancerous tissue and paracancerous tissue. The association between the expression of these three markers and clinical features were analyzed， as well as their impact on the prognosis of patients. The independent-samples t test was used for comparison of normally distributed continuous data between groups， and the Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of non-normally distributed continuous data between groups； the chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data between groups. The Cox regression model was used to perform the univariate and multivariate analyses of clinical factors. The Kaplan-Meier curve was used to analyze the prognosis of patients， and the Log-rank test was used for comparison.  Results  Among the 55 patients， 15 patients （27.2%） had a high expression level of HER-2 in cancerous tissue， 23 （41.8%） had a high expression level of VEGF-A， and 18 （32.7%） had a high expression level of PD-L1， with significant differences compared with the paracancerous tissue （all P<0.05）. There was a significant difference in tumor location between the groups with different expression levels of HER-2 （P<0.05）； there were significant differences in maximum tumor diameter， degree of tumor differentiation， tumor location， N stage， peripheral organ invasion， and vascular invasion between the groups with different expression levels of VEGF-A （all P<0.05）； there were significant differences in peripheral organ invasion， vascular invasion， and disease stage between the groups with different expression levels of PD-L1 （all P<0.05）. The multivariate Cox analysis showed that preoperative CA19-9 level and HER-2 expression were independent risk factors for overall survival of patients （P<0.05）， and preoperative CA19-9 level， maximum tumor diameter， N stage， VEGF-A， and PD-L1 were independent influencing factors for progression-free survival of patients （P<0.05）. The Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that there were significant differences in overall survival and progression-free survival between the patients with high HER-2 expression and those with low HER-2 expression （P<0.05）.  Conclusion  HER-2， VEGF-A， and PD-L1 have an important clinical significance for patients with gallbladder cancer and are potential sites for targeted therapy.

     

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