Liver steatosis is a prominent pathological feature of chronic hepatitis C( CHC). Increased lipid uptake and lipid synthesis and decreased lipid secretion and lipid degradation are all involved in the pathogenesis of steatosis induced by hepatitis C virus( HCV) infection.In this paper,the association between HCV infection and liver steatosis is expounded. It is pointed out that the CHC patients with genotype3 HCV infection have a higher incidence rate of liver steatosis than those with other genotypes,and studies have shown that it is closely related to the direct action of HCV. And for CHC patients with other genotypes,liver steatosis is mostly associated with metabolic disorder. Liver steatosis not only accelerates the process of chronic viral hepatitis,but also directly affects patients' response to antiviral therapy. The association between HCV infection and liver steatosis and the mechanism still need to be confirmed by further studies.