仑伐替尼联合信迪利单抗与阿替利珠单抗联合贝伐珠单抗治疗不可切除肝细胞癌的效果及安全性分析
DOI: 10.12449/JCH260615
Efficacy and safety of lenvatinib combined with sintilimab versus atezolizumab combined with bevacizumab in treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma
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摘要:
目的 比较仑伐替尼联合信迪利单抗与阿替利珠单抗联合贝伐珠单抗在不可切除肝细胞癌(uHCC)患者中的疗效及安全性差异,为临床个体化治疗提供真实世界证据。 方法 回顾性纳入2023年1月1日—2025年5月31日首都医科大学附属北京地坛医院收治的78例uHCC患者为研究对象,根据治疗方式将其分为两组:接受仑伐替尼联合信迪利单抗治疗者(L+S组,n=49)、接受阿替利珠单抗联合贝伐珠单抗治疗者(A+T组,n=29)。主要终点为无进展生存期(PFS)、总生存期(OS),次要终点包括客观缓解率(ORR)、疾病控制率(DCR)和不良反应发生率。符合正态分布的计量资料两组间比较采用成组t检验;非正态分布计量资料的两组间比较采用Mann-Whitney U检验;计数资料两组间比较采用χ2检验。应用Kaplan-Meier法进行生存分析,组间比较采用Log-rank检验。 结果 78例患者的中位PFS、OS分别为9个月、15个月,其中L+S组、A+T组的中位PFS分别为11个月、7个月,差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.247,P=0.619);L+S组、A+T组的中位OS分别为19个月、12个月,差异有统计学意义(χ2=6.565,P=0.010)。两组患者的完全缓解、部分缓解、疾病稳定、疾病进展、DCR和ORR比较,差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05)。L+S组患者的不良反应发生率为95.9%,显著高于A+T组的75.9%,差异有统计学意义(P=0.007);其中,L+S组和A+T组3级以上不良反应发生率分别为65.3%和34.5%,差异有统计学意义(P=0.008)。 结论 与阿替利珠单抗联合贝伐珠单抗相比,仑伐替尼联合信迪利单抗可提高uHCC患者的OS,但阿替利珠单抗联合贝伐珠单抗的安全性更好。 Abstract:Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of lenvatinib combined with sintilimab versus atezolizumab combined with bevacizumab in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (uHCC), aims to provide real-world evidence for clinical personalized treatment. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed for 78 patients with uHCC who were admitted to Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, from January 1, 2023, to May 31, 2025, and according to the treatment modality, they were divided into lenvatinib+sintilimab group (L+S group with 49 patients) and atezolizumab+bevacizumab group (A+T group with 29 patients). The primary endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS), and the secondary endpoints included objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), and the incidence rate of adverse events. The independent-samples t test was used for comparison of normally distributed continuous data between groups, and the Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of non-normally distributed continuous data between groups; the chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data between groups. The Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis, and the log-rank test was used for comparison between groups. Results The 78 patients had a median PFS of 9 months and a median OS of 15 months. The median PFS was 11 months in the L+S group and 7 months in the A+T group, with no significant difference between the two groups (χ2=0.247, P=0.619); the median OS was 19 months in the L+S group and 12 months in the A+T group, with a significant difference between the two groups (χ2=6.565, P=0.010). There were no significant differences between the two groups in complete remission, partial remission, stable disease, disease progression, DCR, and ORR (all P>0.05). The L+S group had a significantly higher incidence rate of adverse events than the A+T group (95.9% vs 75.9%, P=0.007), and there was a significant difference in the incidence rate of grade ≥3 adverse events between the L+S group and the A+T group (65.3% vs 34.5%, P=0.008). Conclusion Compared with atezolizumab combined with bevacizumab, lenvatinib combined with sintilimab can improve the OS of patients with uHCC, while atezolizumab combined with bevacizumab has a better safety profile. -
Key words:
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular /
- Lenvatinib /
- Sintilimab /
- Atezolizumab /
- Bevacizumab
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表 1 两组患者的基线资料
Table 1. Baseline data of the two patient groups
指标 L+S组(n=49) A+T组(n=29) 统计值 P值 性别[例(%)] χ2=0.538 0.463 男 42(85.7) 23(79.3) 女 7(14.3) 6(20.7) 年龄(岁) 56.33±11.65 60.72±12.15 t=-1.586 0.117 ECOG评分[例(%)] χ2=0.148 0.700 0分 12(24.5) 6(20.7) 1分 37(75.5) 23(79.3) 既往治疗方式[例(%)] 外科手术史 2(4.1) 1(3.4) χ2=0.020 0.888 TACE史 45(91.8) 24(82.8) χ2=1.471 0.225 消融史 10(20.4) 3(10.3) χ2=1.328 0.249 嗜肝病毒感染[例(%)] χ2=0.459 0.759 HBV 41(83.7) 24(82.8) HCV 3(6.1) 1(3.4) 非HBV或HCV 5(10.2) 4(13.8) 肝硬化[例(%)] χ2=0.529 0.467 有 39(79.6) 21(72.4) 无 10(20.4) 8(27.6) Child-Pugh分级[例(%)] χ2=2.717 0.099 A级 44(89.8) 22(75.9) B级 5(10.2) 7(24.1) 肝外转移[例(%)] χ2=3.134 0.770 有 7(14.3) 9(31.0) 无 42(85.7) 20(69.0) 门静脉癌栓[例(%)] χ2=0.055 0.815 有 25(51.0) 14(48.3) 无 24(49.0) 15(51.7) CNLC分期[例(%)] χ2=4.707 0.095 1+2期 17(34.7) 10(34.5) 3a期 26(53.1) 10(34.5) 3b期 6(12.2) 9(31.0) BCLC分期[例(%)] χ2=0.011 0.916 A+B期 18(36.7) 11(37.9) C期 31(63.3) 18(62.1) AFP[例(%)] χ2=0.299 0.585 <400 ng/mL 35(71.4) 19(65.5) ≥400 ng/mL 14(28.6) 10(34.5) TBil(μmol/L) 12.50(10.05~17.55) 12.10(8.30~17.55) Z=-0.595 0.552 Alb(g/L) 37.50(36.00~41.35) 38.30(34.10~40.35) Z=-0.057 0.955 PT(s) 12.20(11.80~13.30) 12.20(11.15~12.90) Z=-1.499 0.134 WBC(×109/L) 38.11±4.42 37.22±5.30 t=0.798 0.307 注:ECOG,东部肿瘤协作组体能状态;TACE,经导管动脉栓塞化疗;HBV,乙型肝炎病毒;HCV,丙型肝炎病毒;Child-Pugh分级,蔡尔德-皮尤分级;CNLC分期,中国肝癌临床分期;BCLC分期,巴塞罗那临床肝癌分期;AFP,甲胎蛋白;TBil,总胆红素;Alb,白蛋白;PT,凝血酶原时间;WBC,白细胞。
表 2 根据mRECIST标准评估的肿瘤反应率
Table 2. Tumor response rate assessed according to the mRECIST criteria
疗效 L+S组(n=49) A+T组(n=29) χ2值 P值 CR[例(%)] 9(18.4) 1(3.4) 3.628 0.057 PR[例(%)] 14(28.6) 9(31.0) 0.053 0.818 SD[例(%)] 19(38.8) 16(55.2) 1.980 0.159 PD[例(%)] 7(14.3) 3(10.3) 0.253 0.615 DCR(%) 85.7 89.7 0.253 0.615 ORR(%) 46.9 34.5 1.158 0.282 注:CR,完全缓解;PR,部分缓解;SD,疾病稳定;PD,疾病进展;DCR,疾病控制率;ORR,客观缓解率。
表 3 不良反应发生情况
Table 3. Occurrence of adverse reactions
不良事件 合计 1/2级 ≥3级 L+S组
(n=49)A+T组
(n=29)χ2值 P值 L+S组
(n=49)A+T组
(n=29)χ2值 P值 L+S组
(n=49)A+T组
(n=29)χ2值 P值 总发生率[例(%)] 47(95.9) 22(75.9) 7.180 0.007 15(30.6) 12(41.4) 0.933 0.334 32(65.3) 10(34.5) 6.965 0.008 乏力[例(%)] 12(24.5) 3(10.3) 2.347 0.126 7(14.3) 3(10.3) 0.253 0.615 5(10.2) 0(0.0) 3.162 0.075 食欲下降[例(%)] 18(36.7) 5(17.2) 3.329 0.068 12(24.5) 4(13.8) 1.278 0.258 6(12.2) 1(3.4) 1.726 0.189 高血压[例(%)] 16(32.7) 7(24.1) 0.635 0.425 9(18.4) 5(17.2) 0.016 0.900 7(14.3) 2(6.9) 0.975 0.324 蛋白尿[例(%)] 13(26.5) 9(31.0) 0.182 0.669 10(20.4) 8(27.6) 0.529 0.467 3(6.1) 1(3.4) 0.268 0.605 腹泻[例(%)] 11(22.4) 1(3.4) 5.052 0.025 9(18.4) 1(3.4) 3.628 0.057 2(4.1) 0(0.0) 1.241 0.270 皮疹[例(%)] 3(6.1) 0(0.0) 1.847 0.174 2(4.1) 0(0.0) 1.215 0.27 1(2.0) 0(0.0) 0.600 0.439 肝功能异常[例(%)] 15(30.6) 3(10.3) 4.216 0.040 11(22.4) 1(3.4) 5.052 0.025 4(8.2) 2(6.9) 0.041 0.839 甲状腺功能减退[例(%)] 10(20.4) 0(0.0) 6.789 0.009 9(18.4) 0(0.0) 6.021 0.014 1(2.0) 0(0.0) 0.600 0.439 手足综合征[例(%)] 7(14.3) 0(0.0) 4.551 0.033 4(8.2) 0(0.0) 2.495 0.114 3(6.1) 0(0.0) 1.847 0.174 消化道出血[例(%)] 1(2.0) 3(10.3) 2.582 0.108 0(0.0) 0(0.0) — — 1(2.0) 3(10.3) 2.582 0.108 肾上腺功能减退[例(%)] 1(2.0) 0(0.0) 0.600 0.439 0(0.0) 0(0.0) — — 1(2.0) 0(0.0) 0.600 0.439 其他[例(%)] 10(20.4) 5(17.2) 0.118 0.732 8(16.3) 4(13.8) 0.09 0.764 2(4.1) 1(3.4) 0.020 0.888 -
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