Analysis of clinical characteristics of 150 cases of pediatric hepatitis caused by nonhepatotropic pathogen
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摘要: 目的探讨儿童非嗜肝病毒感染相关性肝炎的临床特征。方法回顾性分析2009年1月~2010年9月期间住院治疗的150例诊断为非嗜肝病毒感染相关性肝炎病例的临床特征。结果 150例患儿中,男81例,女69例。引起儿童非嗜肝病毒感染相关性肝炎的病原体以肺炎支原体和EB病毒最常见,分别为69例(46.0%)和59例(39.3%),治疗后ALT、AST明显下降。结论儿童非嗜肝病毒感染相关性肝炎的临床表现是非特异性的,进行综合性治疗是治愈本病的关键。Abstract: Objective To study the clinical characteristics of pediatric hepatitis caused by nonhepatotropic pathogen.Methods Retrospective analysis of the clinical characteristics of 150 cases diagnosed with non-hepatotropic pathogen related hepatitis in pediatric gastroenterology department, Shengjing hospital during Jan, 2009 to Sept, 2010 were studied.Results There were 81 males and 69 females in the 150 cases.Mycoplasma pneumoniae and EB virus were the main causes of the non-hepatotropic pathogen related hepatitis, with 69 cases (46%) and 59 cases (39.33%) respectively.Compared with pre-treatment, there were significant reduction in the level of ALT and AST (P<0.05) after treatment.Conclusion The results show that the clinical manifestations of non-hepatotropic pathogen related hepatitis are nonspecific.ALT and AST can be used to confirm the diagnosis.Early diagnosis and treatment are the key points to improve the prognosis.
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Key words:
- hepatitis /
- non-hepatotropic virus infection
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抗病毒治疗是慢性乙型肝炎(CHB)的关键措施,其中恩替卡韦(ETV) 是治疗HBV的一线核苷(酸)类似物(NAs) 之一。尽管其他研究曾报道了长期ETV治疗CHB的疗效和安全性,但其在中国慢性CHB(主要为基因型B和C)患者中的临床数据仍然有限。
马来酸ETV是正大天晴药业股份有限公司开发的ETV衍生物,多中心、随机、双盲双模拟、阳性药物对照临床研究显示其治疗48周时与原研ETV在治疗CHB时等效,基于上述结果,国家食品药品管理局已经批准其上市。作为此项研究的主要研究者,北京大学第一医院于岩岩教授对其长期疗效和安全性进行了进一步研究:此前已经报告144周的马来酸ETV治疗中国慢性CHB(主要为基因型B和C)患者有效而且安全。更长疗程的药物治疗效果和安全性如何,尚无知晓。
2022年7月6日于岩岩教授团队在线发表研究论文,旨在更新马来酸ETV治疗中国患者240周疗程的病毒学、血清学和生化结果。CHB受试者被随机分配接受0.5 mg/d ETV(A组)或0.5 mg/d马来酸ETV(B组)治疗48周,此后所有受试者从第49周开始接受0.5 mg/d马来酸ETV治疗。定期对患者进行随访,监测血清HBV标志物、肝生化等指标,记录不良事件(AE)。主要终点是治疗结束时每组HBV DNA的下降。次要终点包括治疗结束时HBV DNA不可测(<20 IU/mL) 的比率、HBeAg消失率、HBeAg血清转化率和血清ALT复常率。137例(A组71例) HBeAg阳性CHB患者和46例(A组21例)HBeAg阴性CHB患者完成了240周的治疗和随访。两组的基线特征可比。在HBeAg阳性CHB组,240周时两组的HBV DNA较基线下降平均值可比(A:6.67 log10 IU/mL vs B:6.74 log10 IU/mL;P>0.05),血清HBV DNA不可测率(A:91.55% vs B:87.88%;P>0.05)、HBeAg血清学转换率(A:26.98% vs B:20.97%;P>0.05)和ALT复常率(A:87.32% vs B:83.61%;P>0.05)均在组间可比。在HBeAg阴性CHB组,240周时两组的HBV DNA较基线下降平均值可比(A:6.05 log10 IU/mL vs B:6.10 log10 IU/mL;P>0.05),血清HBV DNA不可测比例(A:100% vs B:100%)和ALT复常率(A:90.91% vs B:95.45%)(P>0.05)也可比。在耐药方面,HBeAg阴性CHB组耐药率为0;HBeAg阳性CHB组144周时耐药率1.16%,此后直至240周新增1例ETV耐药。安全性方面,没有因为AE导致停药,无肝癌或死亡病例。
总之,作为国产抗HBV药物代表之一的马来酸ETV,长期治疗中国CHB(主要是基因型B或C)是安全有效的。
摘译自XU JH, FAN YN, YU YY, et al. 240-week entecavir maleate treatment in Chinese chronic hepatitis B predominantly genotype B or C[J]. J Viral Hepat, 2022, 29(10): 862-867. DOI: 10.1111/jvh.13724.
(北京大学第一医院感染疾病科 徐京杭 报道)
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