Abstract: To explore the pathophysiologic significance of EPO concentration in various liverish patient's serum. The EPO concentration of 50 normal persons and 53 various liverish patients were detected by using non-balance radio immune assay, and the results were analysed with statistic method. The EPO concentrations of 18 cirrhosis patients (8 cases in compensatory phase; 10 cases in non-compensatory phase) were remarkably higher than thase, of normal control (P<0 001) ; There were remarkable difference between cirrhosis group and liver cancer group (P<0 001) ; the EPO concentrations of cirrhosis patients during non-compensatory phase were remarkably higher than those of the patients during compensatory phase, and there were no remarkable difference between acute and chronic hepatitis group and normal control group (P>0 05) The detection of EPO concentration can provide reference to various liverish pathophysiologic research further.