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妊娠期和产褥期患者行内镜逆行胰胆管造影的有效性及安全性对比分析

曹荣来 朱亮 余正萍 何金丽 陈幼祥

引用本文:
Citation:

妊娠期和产褥期患者行内镜逆行胰胆管造影的有效性及安全性对比分析

DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5256.2023.12.020
基金项目: 

国家自然科学基金 (82160694);

江西省科技厅课题 (20202BBGL73109);

江西省卫生健康委科技计划项目 (20195082)

伦理学声明:本研究于2023年1月16日由南昌大学第一附属医院研究伦理委员会审批通过,批号:(2023)CDYFYYLK(01-008)。
利益冲突声明:本文不存在任何利益冲突。
作者贡献声明:曹荣来负责采集数据,分析统计数据,撰写论文;朱亮负责设计实验,统计分析数据,技术指导,审阅文章和定稿;余正萍、何金丽、陈幼祥负责统计分析数据,审阅文章。
详细信息
    通信作者:

    朱亮, 89493075@qq.com (ORCID: 0000-0001-9080-1378)

Efficacy and safety of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography during pregnancy and puerperium: A comparative analysis

Research funding: 

National Natural Science Foundation of China (82160694);

The Project of the Jiangxi Department of Science and Technology (20202BBGL73109);

Project of the Health and Family Planning Commission of Jiangxi Province (20195082)

More Information
    Corresponding author: ZHU Liang, 89493075@qq.com (ORCID: 0000-0001-9080-1378)
  • 摘要:   目的  对比分析妊娠期和产褥期患者行内镜逆行胰胆管造影(ERCP)的有效性及安全性。  方法  回顾性分析2007年1月—2022年8月因胆胰疾病在南昌大学第一附属医院消化内镜中心接受ERCP诊疗的妊娠期患者22例、产褥期患者39例的临床资料。收集并比较两组患者基线资料、ERCP术中诊断、干预措施、ERCP诊疗前后实验室检查结果、ERCP术后并发症、分娩结局和胎儿结局等数据。计量资料两组间比较采用成组t检验。计数资料两组间比较采用χ2检验或Fisher精确检验。  结果  妊娠期和产褥期两组患者对比,除妊娠期患者行CT检查率显著低于产褥期患者(22.73% vs 58.97%,χ2=7.44,P=0.006)以外,其余基线资料两组间均无统计学差异(P值均>0.05)。在ERCP诊疗中,妊娠期患者行胆道取石、经内镜乳头球囊扩张术均显著低于产褥期患者(χ2值分别为4.007、4.315,P值均<0.05),妊娠期患者未使用X线透视的比例高于产褥期患者(χ2=12.103,P=0.001)。两组患者ERCP术后WBC、TBil、DBil、ALT、AST较术前均有显著改善(P值均<0.05)。两组患者ERCP术后总体并发症发生率为7.04%(5/71),以术后胆系感染最为常见,两组患者术后并发症发生率无显著差异(P>0.05)。在分娩和胎儿结局方面,妊娠期患者提前终止妊娠比例高于产褥期患者(50.00% vs 0,χ2=20.528,P<0.001),妊娠期患者的剖宫产率显著低于产褥期患者(36.36% vs 76.92%,χ2=4.756,P=0.029)。胎儿异常发育及死胎等不良事件的发生率两组间无显著差异(P>0.05)。  结论  在严格把握ERCP指征和时机的情况下,无论在妊娠期还是产褥期,行ERCP诊疗是有效和相对安全的,患者ERCP并发症发生率与普通人群相当,且有较好的分娩和胎儿结局。

     

  • 表  1  两组患者基线资料

    Table  1.   Baseline information of patients

    项目 妊娠期患者(n=22) 产褥期患者(n=39) χ2 P
    年龄[例(%)]
    15~20岁 1(4.55) 2(5.13) 0.000 >0.05
    21~30岁 14(63.64) 32(82.05) 2.572 0.109
    31~40岁 7(31.82) 5(12.82) 2.123 0.145
    临床表现[例(%)]
    腹痛腹胀 22(100.00) 37(94.87) 0.531
    恶心呕吐 15(68.18) 29(74.36) 0.267 0.605
    黄疸 9(40.91) 14(35.90) 0.150 0.698
    发热 8(36.36) 6(15.38) 3.501 0.061
    ERCP术前诊断[例(%)]
    胆总管结石 20(90.91) 33(84.62) 0.093 0.761
    胆管炎 9(40.91) 10(25.64) 1.529 0.216
    急性胰腺炎 13(59.09) 23(58.97) 0.000 0.993
    轻症 10(76.92) 13(56.52) 0.745 0.388
    中度重症 1(7.69) 4(17.39) 0.094 0.759
    重症 2(15.38) 6(26.09) 0.105 0.746
    胆道蛔虫 1(4.55) 2(5.13) 0.000 >0.05
    胆胰肿瘤性病变 1(4.55) 1(2.56) >0.05
    胰管结石 0(0.00) 2(5.13) 0.531
    胆管狭窄 0(0.00) 2(5.13) 0.531
    既往史[例(%)]
    胆石症 7(31.82) 9(23.08) 0.555 0.456
    胆囊切除史 3(13.64) 1(2.56) 1.297 0.255
    ERCP手术史 1(4.55) 1(2.56) >0.05
    胰腺炎病史 1(4.55) 1(2.56) >0.05
    多囊卵巢 1(4.55) 2(5.13) 0.000 >0.05
    影像学检查[例(%)]
    B超 21(95.45) 37(94.87) 0.000 >0.05
    MRCP 18(81.82) 36(92.31) 0.666 0.414
    CT 5(22.73) 23(58.97) 7.442 0.006
    超声内镜 2(9.09) 2(5.13) 0.004 0.951
    术前使用抗生素[例(%)] 18(81.82) 27(69.23) 1.152 0.283
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  两组患者ERCP术中诊断及治疗措施

    Table  2.   ERCP diagnosis and therapeutic measures

    项目 妊娠期ERCP例次(n=24) 产褥期ERCP例次(n=47) χ2 P
    操作次数[例(%)]
    1次 20(83.33) 31(65.96) 0.635 0.425
    ≥2次 2(8.33) 8(17.02) 0.635 0.425
    技术成功[例(%)] 24(100.00) 46(97.87) >0.05
    术中诊断[例(%)]
    胆总管结石 18(75.00) 32(68.09) 0.365 0.546
    胆囊结石 7(29.17) 7(14.89) 1.242 0.265
    十二指肠胆管瘘 1(4.17) 0(0.00) 0.338
    十二指肠乳头旁憩室 3(12.50) 1(2.13) 1.560 0.212
    化脓性胆管炎 4(16.67) 3(6.38) 0.910 0.340
    乳头结石嵌顿 4(16.67) 1(2.13) 3.149 0.076
    胰管结石 0(0.00) 1(2.13) >0.05
    胰腺假性囊肿 1(4.17) 0(0.00) 0.338
    胆总管蛔虫 1(4.17) 2(4.26) 0.000 >0.05
    胆总管狭窄 0(0.00) 2(4.26) 0.546
    Mirrizi综合征 0(0.00) 1(2.13) >0.05
    胰腺分裂 0(0.00) 1(2.13) >0.05
    胰胆管汇合异常 0(0.00) 1(2.13) >0.05
    胆道肿瘤 1(4.17) 0(0.00) 0.338
    十二指肠乳头癌 0(0.00) 1(2.13) >0.05
    硬化性胆管炎 0(0.00) 1(2.13) >0.05
    干预措施[例(%)]
    胆道取石 11(45.83) 33(70.21) 4.007 0.045
    胆道取蛔虫 1(4.17) 2(4.26) 0.000 >0.05
    EST 18(75.00) 34(72.34) 0.057 0.811
    ENBD 6(25.00) 15(31.91) 0.365 0.546
    ERBD 14(58.33) 17(36.17) 3.173 0.075
    ERPD 2(8.33) 6(12.77) 0.026 0.871
    EPBD 0(0.00) 10(21.28) 4.315 0.038
    胆道探条扩张术 0(0.00) 2(4.26) 0.546
    取支架 0(0.00) 3(6.38) 0.411 0.521
    预切开 4(16.67) 1(2.13) 3.149 0.076
    胆道镜 0(0.00) 4(8.51) 0.860 0.354
    进入胰管次数[例(%)]
    0次 21(87.50) 39(82.98) 0.023 0.880
    1次 3(12.50) 3(6.38) 0.181 0.670
    ≥2次 0(0.00) 5(10.64) 1.362 0.243
    未使用X线透视[例(%)] 7(29.17) 0(0.00) 12.103 0.001
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  ERCP术前术后实验室检查结果

    Table  3.   Pre-ERCP and post-ERCP blood tests

    指标 妊娠期患者(n=22) t P 产褥期患者(n=39) t P
    术前 术后 术前 术后
    TBil(μmol/L) 55.15±12.32 34.16±7.62 3.243 0.004 58.72±10.39 28.85±4.34 3.593 0.001
    DBil(μmol/L) 35.00±7.81 20.84±4.92 3.188 0.004 39.12±7.98 14.25±2.60 3.78 <0.001
    ALT(U/L) 155.56±35.51 91.56±21.39 2.236 0.035 99.06±17.92 47.01±7.60 3.978 <0.001
    AST(U/L) 99.47±17.86 47.59±8.29 2.689 0.013 87.28±13.46 27.90±1.911) 4.524 <0.001
    ALP(U/L) 181.89±23.58 174.44±20.78 0.714 0.483 238.70±28.35 176.38±13.18 3.294 0.002
    GGT(U/L) 136.27±29.62 111.46±18.39 1.779 0.088 146.71±20.14 105.28±11.68 3.262 0.002
    WBC(×109/L) 10.58±1.11 8.69±0.70 2.536 0.018 9.69±0.60 7.65±0.42 3.762 <0.001
    注:与妊娠期术后相比,1)P<0.05。
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  4  分娩及胎儿结局

    Table  4.   Delivery and fetal outcomes

    项目 妊娠期患者(n=22) 产褥期患者 (n=39) χ2 P
    分娩结局[例(%)] 20.528 <0.001
    提前终止妊娠 11(50.00) 0(0.00)
    顺利分娩 11(50.00) 39(100.00)
    分娩方式[例(%)] 4.756 0.029
    剖宫产 4(36.36) 30(76.92)
    阴道分娩 7(63.64) 9(23.08)
    胎儿结局[例(%)] >0.05
    死胎 0(0.00) 1(2.56)
    活胎 11(100.00) 38(97.44)
    下载: 导出CSV
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