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抑郁对原发性胆汁性胆管炎患者熊去氧胆酸治疗应答和发生肝硬化的影响

刘海峰 周思敏 李纪文 刘江鹏 王邦茂 周璐

引用本文:
Citation:

抑郁对原发性胆汁性胆管炎患者熊去氧胆酸治疗应答和发生肝硬化的影响

DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5256.2023.12.011
基金项目: 

国家自然科学基金 (82170558);

国家自然科学基金 (81860109)

伦理学声明:本研究方案于2023年3月由天津医科大学伦理委员会批准,批号:IRB2023-WZ-059。
利益冲突声明:本文不存在任何利益冲突。
作者贡献声明:刘海峰、周思敏、王邦茂、周璐对研究的思路和设计做出了贡献;李纪文、刘江鹏负责资料分析;刘海峰、周思敏负责撰写文章。
详细信息
    通信作者:

    周璐, lzhou01@tmu.edu.cn (ORCID: 0000-0002-0424-7348)

Effect of depression on response to ursodeoxycholic acid and the occurrence of liver cirrhosis in patients with primary biliary cholangitis

Research funding: 

National Natural Science Foundation of China (82170558);

National Natural Science Foundation of China (81860109)

More Information
  • 摘要:   目的  原发性胆汁性胆管炎(PBC)患者常伴发抑郁,但抑郁在PBC疾病进展中的作用尚不清楚。本文拟探讨抑郁与PBC治疗应答的关系及其对PBC患者肝硬化的影响。  方法  回顾性分析2018年1月—2020年12月在天津医科大学总医院自身免疫性肝病门诊就诊的141例接受单药熊去氧胆酸(UDCA)标准治疗1年的PBC患者的临床资料。从健康体检中心选取的年龄及性别匹配的170例健康对照者作为对照组。应用患者健康问卷抑郁量表(PHQ-9)评估PBC患者及健康对照者的抑郁状态。正态分布的计量资料两组间比较采用成组t检验,非正态分布的计量资料两组间比较采用Mann-Whitney U检验。计数资料两组间比较采用χ2检验。应用二元Logistic回归模型及决策树模型分析PBC患者肝硬化的影响因素,分析抑郁及抑郁相关的HLA-DRB1基因对肝硬化的影响。通过计算受试者工作特征曲线(ROC曲线)下面积(AUC)和拟合优度统计值来评价模型效能。运用全部13个变量(年龄、性别、PHQ-9评分、DRB1*03∶01基因,以及血清ALT、AST、ALP、GGT、TBil、IgG、IgM、C3和C4水平)建立分类回归树(CART)模型。采用AUC、敏感度和特异度等指标在模型队列中评价CART模型的效能。  结果  PBC患者合并抑郁的比例(53.9%)明显高于正常对照组(15.3%)(χ2=57.836,P<0.001)。合并抑郁的PBC患者较不合并抑郁的PBC患者对UDCA的治疗应答较差(χ2=7.549,P=0.006),血清ALP(Z=-2.157,P=0.031)、GGT(Z=-2.180,P=0.029)、IgM(Z=-2.000,P=0.046)水平显著升高。合并抑郁的PBC患者较不合并抑郁的PBC患者携带HLA-DRB1*03∶01基因的PBC患者合并肝硬化的风险显著升高(P<0.001)。二元Logistic回归模型分析结果显示,PHQ-9评分(OR=1.148,95%CI:1.050~1.255,P=0.002)、HLA-DRB1*03∶01基因(OR=5.150,95%CI:1.362~19.478,P=0.016)、年龄(OR=1.057,95%CI:1.009~1.106,P=0.018)和血清ALP水平(OR=1.009,95%CI:1.001~1.017,P=0.020)为PBC患者发生肝硬化的独立危险因素。决策树分析显示,PHQ-9评分≥3.5亦为PBC患者肝硬化的危险因素。  结论  抑郁与PBC患者治疗应答不良相关,并且是PBC患者发生肝硬化的独立危险因素。本研究提示了在PBC患者中对抑郁状态进行识别和早期管理的重要临床意义。

     

  • 图  1  PBC患者发生肝硬化的危险因素分析

    注: a,模型队列的ROC曲线;b,PBC患者合并肝硬化的列线图模型。

    Figure  1.  Analysis of risk factors for the development of liver cirrhosis in patients with PBC

    图  2  CART决策树模型验证分析

    注: a,CART模型的构建;b,风险因素重要性排名;c,模型队列ROC曲线下面积。

    Figure  2.  Validation analysis in CART decision tree model

    表  1  PBC患者和对照组合并抑郁状态比较

    Table  1.   Comparison of depressive symptoms between patients with PBC and controls

    抑郁评估 对照组(n=170) PBC组(n=141) 统计值 P
    PHQ-9评分 1.0(0.0~2.0) 5.0(1.0~10.0) Z=-7.413 <0.001
    抑郁比例[例(%)] 26(15.3) 76(53.9) χ2=57.836 <0.001
    抑郁严重程度[例(%)] χ2=59.490 <0.001
    轻度 14(53.8) 35(46.1)
    中度 8(30.8) 21(27.6)
    中重度 4(15.4) 14(18.4)
    重度 0(0.0) 6(7.9)
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  抑郁状态对PBC患者UDCA治疗应答的影响

    Table  2.   Impact of depressive symptoms to the treatment response to UDCA in patients with PBC

    指标 合并抑郁(n=76) 不合并抑郁(n=65) 统计值 P
    年龄(岁) 57.6±11.6 56.2±12.7 t=-0.700 0.485
    女性[例(%)] 68(89.5) 51(78.5) χ2=3.226 0.072
    肝硬化[例(%)] 34(44.7) 7(10.8) χ2=19.602 <0.001
    ALT(U/L) 33.0(25.0~41.8) 31.0(17.0~40.0) Z=-1.460 0.144
    AST(U/L) 30.5(24.0~41.8) 30.0(22.0~38.0) Z=-0.470 0.639
    ALP(U/L) 121.5(82.5~237.3) 95.0(71.5~178.5) Z=-2.157 0.031
    GGT(U/L) 65.5(34.3~104.3) 41.0(27.5~87.0) Z=-2.180 0.029
    TBil(μmol/L) 14.0(10.6~19.9) 12.1(9.9~16.1) Z=-1.454 0.146
    IgG(mg/dL) 1 367.9±221.2 1 310.6±217.4 t=-1.545 0.125
    IgM(mg/dL) 292.5(163.6~397.4) 237.9(137.5~312.5) Z=-2.000 0.046
    C3(mg/dL) 97.8±19.2 102.0±20.3 t=1.275 0.204
    C4(mg/dL) 19.5(15.7~24.6) 21.4(17.4~25.4) Z=-1.688 0.091
    UDCA应答[例(%)] 43(56.6) 51(78.5) χ2=7.549 0.006
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  PBC患者HLA-DRB1基因型与肝硬化的相关性分析

    Table  3.   Association between HLA-DRB1 genotyping and cirrhosis in patients with PBC

    DRB1 无肝硬化(2n=200) 肝硬化(2n=82) P
    01∶01 9(4.5%) 4(4.9%) >0.05
    01∶02 2(1.0%) 1(1.2%) >0.05
    03∶01 7(3.5%) 14(17.1%) <0.001
    04∶01 2(1.0%) 0(0.0) >0.05
    04∶05 7(3.5%) 2(2.4%) >0.05
    04∶06 2(1.0%) 0(0.0) >0.05
    04∶07 1(0.5%) 0(0.0) >0.05
    04∶10 1(0.5%) 0(0.0) >0.05
    07∶01 38(19.0%) 11(13.4%) >0.05
    08∶01 4(2.0%) 3(3.7%) >0.05
    08∶03 16(8.0%) 6(7.3%) >0.05
    09∶01 22(11.0%) 8(9.8%) >0.05
    10∶01 5(2.5%) 2(2.4%) >0.05
    11∶01 11(5.5%) 4(4.9%) >0.05
    12∶01 4(2.0%) 2(2.4%) >0.05
    12∶02 9(4.5%) 4(4.9%) >0.05
    13∶01 5(2.5%) 2(2.4%) >0.05
    14∶01 6(3.0%) 2(2.4%) >0.05
    14∶05 9(4.5%) 3(3.7%) >0.05
    14∶07 2(1.0%) 0(0.0) >0.05
    14∶14 1(0.5%) 1(1.2%) >0.05
    14∶54 3(1.5%) 1(1.2%) >0.05
    15∶01 23(11.5%) 7(8.5%) >0.05
    15∶02 7(3.5%) 3(3.7%) >0.05
    16∶02 4(2.0%) 2(2.4%) >0.05
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  4  PBC患者发生肝硬化的单因素和多因素分析

    Table  4.   Univariate and multivariate analysis of risk factors for cirrhosis in patients with PBC

    变量 单因素 多因素
    OR(95%CI P OR(95%CI P
    年龄 1.036(1.003~1.071) 0.034 1.057(1.009~1.106) 0.018
    性别(男=0,女=1) 1.111(0.402~3.074) 0.839 - -
    PHQ-9评分(≤4分=0,≥5分=1) 1.146(1.073~1.223) <0.001 1.148(1.050~1.255) 0.002
    DRB1*03∶01(其他基因型=0,DRB1*03∶01=1) 6.889(2.526~18.789) <0.001 5.150(1.362~19.478) 0.016
    ALT(ALT<40 U/L=0,ALT≥40 U/L=1) 1.022(0.999~1.047) 0.065 - -
    AST(AST<40 U/L=0,AST≥40 U/L=1) 1.026(0.999~1.053) 0.057 - -
    ALP(ALP<150 U/L=0,ALP≥150 U/L=1) 1.008(1.004~1.012) <0.001 1.009(1.001~1.017) 0.020
    GGT(GGT<40 U/L=0,GGT≥40 U/L=1) 1.012(1.004~1.020) 0.003 0.993(0.980~1.005) 0.258
    TBil(TBil<17 μmol/L=0,TBil≥17 μmol/L=1) 1.059(1.011~1.109) 0.015 0.956(0.883~1.035) 0.265
    IgG(IgG<1 560 mg/dL=0,IgG≥1 560 mg/dL=1) 1.001(0.999~1.002) 0.470 - -
    IgM(IgM<304 mg/dL=0,IgM≥304 mg/dL=1) 1.006(1.003~1.009) <0.001 1.004(1.000~1.008) 0.063
    C3(C3<79 mg/dL=0,C3≥79 mg/dL=1) 0.981(0.961~1.001) 0.060 - -
    C4(C4<16 mg/dL=0,C4≥16 mg/dL=1) 0.887(0.823~0.956) 0.002 0.924(0.844~1.012) 0.090
    下载: 导出CSV
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