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代谢相关脂肪性肝病与动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病发病风险的相互影响

赵亚男 齐祺 吴欣雨 韩全乐 杨静 张伯亨 李旭阳 李雷 张云 吴寿岭 李康博

引用本文:
Citation:

代谢相关脂肪性肝病与动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病发病风险的相互影响

DOI: 10.12449/JCH260414
基金项目: 

河北省医学课题重点研究计划项目 (20231775)

伦理学声明:本研究方案于2006年1月5日经由开滦医疗集团伦理委员会审批,批号:2006医伦字5号,所有入组者均签署知情同意书。
利益冲突声明:本文不存在任何利益冲突。
作者贡献声明:赵亚男、韩全乐负责文章的构思和设计,撰写论文;齐祺、吴欣雨、杨静负责统计学分析;张伯亨、李旭阳、张云、李雷负责查阅文献,撰写论文;吴寿岭、李康博负责论文修订;韩全乐对文章整体负责和监督。
详细信息
    通信作者:

    韩全乐, hanquanle@126.com (ORCID: 0000-0002-3200-9224)

Bidirectional association between metabolic associated fatty liver disease and the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease

Research funding: 

Key Research Program Project of Medical Science and Technology of Hebei Province (20231775)

More Information
    Corresponding author: HAN Quanle, hanquanle@126.com (ORCID: 0000-0002-3200-9224)
  • 摘要:   目的  探讨代谢相关脂肪性肝病(MAFLD)与动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病(ASCVD)发病风险之间的关联,为临床此类代谢相关疾病防治提供数据支持。  方法  以2006年6月—2007年10月参加首次健康体检,且肝脏评估资料完整、既往无恶性肿瘤病史以及无MAFLD病史或ASCVD病史的开滦职工为观察队列。根据是否患有MAFLD将患者分为非MAFLD组(n=67 565)和MAFLD组(n=29 004);根据是否患有ASCVD将患者分为非ASCVD组(n=69 141)和ASCVD组(n=481)。计量资料两组间比较采用成组t检验或Wilcoxon 秩和检验。计数资料两组间比较采用χ2检验。采用寿命表法计算ASCVD及MAFLD的累积发病率,通过Kaplan-Meier法绘制MAFLD组与非MAFLD组ASCVD累积发病率的生存曲线及ASCVD组与非ASCVD组MAFLD累积发病率的生存曲线,并使用Log-rank检验比较两组患者累积发病率的差异。采用多因素Cox比例风险回归模型分析MAFLD对ASCVD发病风险的影响及ASCVD对MAFLD发病风险的影响。  结果  MAFLD组体重指数(BMI)、腰围、收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、静息心率、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、尿酸(UA)、空腹血糖(FBG)、甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)和超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)等均高于非MAFLD组,估算肾小球滤过率(eGFR)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇等均低于非MAFLD组,差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05);ASCVD组BMI、腰围、SBP、DBP、UA、FBG、TG、hs-CRP等均显著高于非ASCVD组,eGFR显著低于非ASCVD组(P值均<0.05)。随着时间的增长,MAFLD组与非MAFLD组ASCVD的累积发病率持续上升;而ASCVD组与非ASCVD组MAFLD的累积发病率先随时间增长,随后趋于平稳。MAFLD组新发ASCVD为4 263例(14.70%),发病密度为12.90/千人年;非MAFLD组新发ASCVD为6 529例(9.66%),发病密度为8.24/千人年,两组ASCVD的发病密度和累积发病率比较,差异均有统计学意义(χ2值分别为519.09、531.80,P值均<0.05)。ASCVD组新发MAFLD为148例(30.77%),发病密度为40.10/千人年;非ASCVD组新发MAFLD为32 194例(46.56%),发病密度为57.59/千人年,两组MAFLD的发病密度和累积发病率比较,差异均有统计学意义(χ2值分别为19.29、30.78,P值均<0.05)。校正后的多因素Cox比例风险回归模型分析结果显示,MAFLD是新发ASCVD的危险因素(风险比=1.11,95%置信区间:1.06~1.16,P<0.001),而ASCVD是新发MAFLD的保护因素(风险比=0.72,95%置信区间:0.61~0.85,P<0.001)。  结论  MAFLD与ASCVD发病风险存在显著关联,MAFLD人群的ASCVD发病风险升高,而ASCVD人群的MAFLD发病风险降低。

     

  • 注: MAFLD,代谢相关脂肪性肝病;ASCVD,动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病。

    图  1  MAFLD组与非MAFLD组ASCVD累积发病率的生存曲线

    Figure  1.  Survival curves of cumulative incidence of new-onset ASCVD in MAFLD group and non-MAFLD group

    注: MAFLD,代谢相关脂肪性肝病;ASCVD,动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病。

    图  2  ASCVD组与非ASCVD组MAFLD累积发病率的生存曲线

    Figure  2.  Survival curves of cumulative incidence of new-onset MAFLD in ASCVD group and non-ASCVD group

    表  1  MAFLD组与非MAFLD组临床基本特征比较

    Table  1.   Comparison of basic clinical characteristics between MAFLD and non-MAFLD groups

    项目 总人群(n=96 569) MAFLD组(n=29 004) 非MAFLD组(n=67 565) 统计值 P
    年龄(岁) 51.48±12.57 52.32±11.42 51.11±13.02 t=-13.73 <0.001
    BMI(kg/m2 25.02±3.49 27.61±3.06 23.91±3.05 t=-172.26 <0.001
    腰围(cm) 86.96±10.04 92.75±8.74 84.47±9.52 t=-126.90 <0.001
    SBP(mmHg) 130.68±20.90 137.06±20.83 127.94±20.32 t=-63.43 <0.001
    DBP(mmHg) 83.40±11.77 87.31±11.80 81.73±11.35 t=-69.30 <0.001
    静息心率(次/min) 73.80±10.17 74.56±10.28 73.47±10.11 t=-15.26 <0.001
    ALT(U/L) 18.00(13.00~25.00) 22.00(16.00~30.00) 17.00(12.00~23.00) Z=80.48 <0.001
    UA(μmol/L) 288.95±83.65 311.67±90.03 279.20±78.77 t=-56.19 <0.001
    eGFR(mL·min-1·1.73 m-2 82.30±25.79 80.65±25.10 83.01±26.05 t=13.02 <0.001
    FBG(mmol/L) 5.47±1.67 5.91±2.04 5.28±1.44 t=-54.26 <0.001
    TG(mmol/L) 1.27(0.89~1.93) 1.76(1.22~2.65) 1.13(0.81~1.62) Z=105.79 <0.001
    TC(mmol/L) 4.95±1.15 5.10±1.24 4.88±1.10 t=-28.22 <0.001
    HDL-C(mmol/L) 1.55±0.40 1.53±0.41 1.56±0.40 t=9.71 <0.001
    LDL-C(mmol/L) 2.34±0.91 2.38±0.92 2.33±0.91 t=-9.05 <0.001
    hs-CRP(mg/L) 0.83(0.30~2.34) 1.21(0.50~3.12) 0.70(0.26~2.00) Z=51.98 <0.001
    男性[例(%)] 76 835(79.56) 23 773(81.96) 53 062(78.53) χ 2=146.82 <0.001
    高中及以上教育程度[例(%)] 19 336(20.02) 5 544(19.11) 13 792(20.41) χ 2=21.36 <0.001
    月人均收入≥800元[例(%)] 69 073(71.53) 21 082(72.69) 47 991(71.03) χ 2=27.36 <0.001
    体育锻炼[例(%)] 88 264(91.40) 26 649(91.88) 61 615(91.19) χ 2=12.18 0.023
    吸烟史[例(%)] 32 902(34.07) 10 016(34.53) 22 886(33.87) χ 2=3.94 0.139
    饮酒史[[例(%)] 35 946(37.22) 11 318(39.02) 24 628(36.45) χ 2=57.42 <0.001
    糖尿病史[例(%)] 9 312(9.64) 5 012(17.28) 4 300(6.36) χ 2=2 775.31 <0.001
    高血压史[例(%)] 42 007(43.50) 16 968(58.50) 25 039(37.06) χ 2=379.50 <0.001
    血脂异常[例(%)] 57 444(59.48) 21 642(74.62) 35 802(52.99) χ 2=3 938.80 <0.001
    服降糖药[例(%)] 2 557(2.65) 1 585(5.46) 972(1.44) χ 2=1 276.10 <0.001
    服降压药[例(%)] 8 338(8.63) 4 038(13.92) 4 300(6.36) χ 2=1 469.42 <0.001
    服降脂药[例(%)] 7 162(7.42) 3 412(11.76) 3 750(5.55) χ 2=1 141.06 <0.001

    注:BMI,体重指数;SBP,收缩压;DBP,舒张压;ALT,丙氨酸氨基转移酶;UA,尿酸;eGFR,估算肾小球滤过率;FBG,空腹血糖;TG,甘油三酯;TC,总胆固醇;HDL-C,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇;LDL-C,低密度脂蛋白胆固醇;hs-CRP,超敏C反应蛋白;MAFLD,代谢相关脂肪性肝病。

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    表  2  ASCVD组与非ASCVD组临床基本特征比较

    Table  2.   Comparison of basic clinical characteristics between ASCVD and non-ASCVD groups

    项目 总人群(n=69 622) ASCVD组(n=481) 非ASCVD组(n=69 141) 统计值 P
    年龄(岁) 51.49±13.11 63.29±10.50 51.40±13.09 t=-19.87 <0.001
    BMI(kg/m2 23.92±3.05 24.64±3.15 23.92±3.05 t=-5.18 <0.001
    腰围(cm) 84.53±9.50 88.19±8.86 84.51±9.50 t=-8.48 <0.001
    SBP(mmHg) 128.32±20.52 143.40±24.20 128.21±20.45 t=-16.21 <0.001
    DBP(mmHg) 81.81±11.37 86.88±12.50 81.77±11.35 t=-9.81 <0.001
    静息心率(次/min) 73.46±10.11 73.88±10.70 73.46±10.11 t=-0.91 0.664
    ALT(U/L) 17.00(12.00~22.90) 17.00(12.00~22.20) 17.00(12.00~22.92) t=-1.39 0.382
    UA(μmol/L) 280.39±76.38 320.87±93.34 280.10±79.20 t=-11.24 <0.001
    eGFR(mL·min-1·1.73 m-2 82.69±25.91 74.82±30.18 82.75±25.87 t=6.69 <0.001
    FBG(mmol/L) 5.29±1.46 5.90±2.38 5.28±1.45 t=-9.23 <0.001
    TG(mmol/L) 1.13(0.81~1.62) 1.24(0.91~1.82) 1.13(0.81~1.62) Z=4.51 <0.001
    TC(mmol/L) 4.88±1.10 4.97±1.09 4.88±1.10 t=-1.86 0.178
    HDL-C(mmol/L) 1.56±0.40 1.54±0.41 1.56±0.40 t=0.67 0.798
    LDL-C(mmol/L) 2.33±0.91 2.37±1.10 2.33±0.91 t=-1.01 0.997
    hs-CRP(mg/L) 0.70(0.27~2.00) 1.28(0.48~3.49) 0.70(0.26~2.00) Z=8.31 <0.001
    男性[例(%)] 54 930(78.90) 443(92.10) 54 487(78.81) χ 2=50.71 <0.001
    高中及以上教育程度[例(%)] 14 107(20.26) 73(15.18) 14 034(20.30) χ 2=7.75 0.021
    月人均收入≥800元[例(%)] 49 204(70.67) 351(72.97) 48 853(70.66) χ 2=1.24 0.539
    体育锻炼[例(%)] 63 473(91.17) 457(95.01) 63 016(91.14) χ 2=8.88 0.012
    吸烟史[例(%)] 23 756(34.12) 149(30.98) 23 607(34.14) χ 2=2.13 0.345
    饮酒史[例(%)] 25 310(36.35) 132(27.44) 25 178(36.42) χ 2=16.62 <0.001
    糖尿病史[例(%)] 4 718(6.78) 99(20.58) 4 619(6.68) χ 2=146.13 <0.001
    高血压史[例(%)] 26 457(38.00) 325(67.57) 26 132(37.80) χ 2=125.92 <0.001
    血脂异常[例(%)] 36 978(53.11) 273(56.76) 36 705(53.09) χ 2=2.58 0.275
    服降糖药[例(%)] 1 028(1.48) 8(1.66) 1 020(1.48) χ 2=0.12 0.944
    服降压药[例(%)] 4 733(6.80) 133(27.65) 4 600(6.65) χ 2=332.40 <0.001
    服降脂药[例(%)] 4 119(5.92) 126(26.20) 3 993(5.78) χ 2=357.85 <0.001

    注:BMI,体重指数;SBP,收缩压;DBP,舒张压;ALT,丙氨酸氨基转移酶;UA,尿酸;eGFR,估算肾小球滤过率;FBG,空腹血糖;TG,甘油三酯;TC,总胆固醇;HDL-C,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇;LDL-C,低密度脂蛋白胆固醇;hs-CRP,超敏C反应蛋白;ASCVD,动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病。

    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  MAFLD组与非MAFLD组ASCVD累积发病率与发病密度

    Table  3.   The cumulative incidence and incidence density of new ASCVD in the MAFLD group and the non-MAFLD group

    项目 新发ASCVD[例(%)] 发病密度(/千人年) 累积发病率(%)
    非MAFLD组 6 529(9.66) 8.24 10.02
    年龄
    18~<45岁 767(11.75) 2.65 3.26
    45~<60岁 3 415(52.31) 8.94 10.82
    ≥60岁 2 347(35.95) 19.25 22.13
    MAFLD组 4 263(14.70) 12.90 15.43
    年龄
    18~<45岁 577(13.54) 5.88 6.99
    45~<60岁 2 400(56.30) 13.25 15.97
    ≥60岁 1 286(30.17) 25.08 28.01

    注:MAFLD,代谢相关脂肪性肝病;ASCVD,动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病。

    下载: 导出CSV

    表  4  ASCVD组与非ASCVD组ASCVD累积发病率与发病密度

    Table  4.   Cumulative incidence and incidence density of new ASCVD in the ASCVD group and the non-ASCVD group

    项目 新发MAFLD[例(%)] 发病密度(/千人年) 累积发病率(%)
    非ASCVD组 32 194(46.56) 57.59 47.57
    年龄
    18~<45岁 11 517(35.77) 70.73 56.01
    45~<60岁 15 580(48.39) 60.65 50.35
    ≥60岁 5 097(15.83) 36.58 33.15
    ASCVD组 148(30.77) 40.10 35.01
    年龄
    18~<45岁 10(6.76) 85.24 54.39
    45~<60岁 72(48.65) 52.23 45.16
    ≥60岁 66(44.59) 30.07 26.56

    注:MAFLD,代谢相关脂肪性肝病;ASCVD,动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病。

    下载: 导出CSV

    表  5  多因素Cox比例风险回归模型分析MAFLD对新发ASCVD风险的影响

    Table  5.   Multivariate Cox proportional risk regression model analysis of the effect of MAFLD on the risk of new-onset ASCVD

    项目 模型1 模型2 模型3
    HR(95%CI P HR(95%CI P HR(95%CI P
    非MAFLD组 1.00 1.00 1.00
    年龄
    18~<45岁 1.00 1.00 1.00
    45~<60岁 3.15(2.92~3.41) <0.001 2.48(2.29~2.69) <0.001 2.32(2.14~2.52) <0.001
    ≥60岁 6.21(5.72~6.74) <0.001 4.62(4.25~5.03) <0.001 4.13(3.78~4.52) <0.001
    MAFLD组1) 1.53(1.47~1.59) <0.001 1.24(1.19~1.29) <0.001 1.11(1.06~1.16) <0.001
    年龄
    18~<45岁 1.00 1.00 1.00
    45~<60岁 2.39(2.18~2.62) <0.001 2.08(1.90~2.28) <0.001 1.97(1.79~2.17) <0.001
    ≥60岁 4.37(3.96~4.82) <0.001 3.66(3.31~4.05) <0.001 3.30(2.96~3.68) <0.001

    注:1),以非MAFLD组为参照。HR,风险比;95%CI,95%置信区间;MAFLD,代谢相关脂肪性肝病;ASCVD,动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病。

    下载: 导出CSV

    表  6  多因素Cox比例风险回归模型分析ASCVD对新发MAFLD风险的影响

    Table  6.   Multivariate Cox proportional risk regression model analysis of the effect of ASCVD on the risk of new-onset MAFLD

    项目 模型1 模型2 模型3
    HR(95%CI P HR(95%CI P HR(95%CI P
    非ASCVD组 1.00 1.00 1.00
    年龄
    18~<45岁 1.00 1.00 1.00
    45~<60岁 0.80(0.78~0.82) <0.001 0.74(0.72~0.76) <0.001 0.70(0.69~0.72) <0.001
    ≥60岁 0.45(0.43~0.46) <0.001 0.40(0.39~0.42) <0.001 0.39(0.37~0.40) <0.001
    ASCVD组1) 0.80(0.68~0.94) 0.006 0.77(0.66~0.91) 0.002 0.72(0.61~0.85) <0.001
    年龄
    18~<45岁 1.00 1.00 1.00
    45~<60岁 0.58(0.30~1.11) 0.101 0.59(0.30~1.18) 0.141 0.40(0.20~0.83) 0.014
    ≥60岁 0.30(0.16~0.59) <0.001 0.29(0.14~0.57) <0.001 0.23(0.11~0.48) <0.001

    注:1),以非ASCVD组为参照。HR,风险比;95%CI,95%置信区间;MAFLD,代谢相关脂肪性肝病;ASCVD,动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病。

    下载: 导出CSV

    表  7  MAFLD与ASCVD相互影响的敏感性分析

    Table  7.   Sensitivity analyses for bidirectional MAFLD and ASCVD study

    项目 HR(95%CI P
    ASCVD
    排除2年内新发ASCVD事件的患者
    非MAFLD组 1.00
    MAFLD组 1.12(1.07~1.17) <0.001
    死亡竞争风险模型
    非MAFLD组 1.00
    MAFLD组 1.11(1.06~1.16) <0.001
    MAFLD
    排除2年内新发MAFLD事件的患者
    非ASCVD组 1.00
    ASCVD组 0.69(0.56~0.84) <0.001
    死亡竞争风险模型
    非ASCVD组 1.00
    ASCVD组 0.59(0.50~0.69) <0.001

    注:HR,风险比;95%CI,95%置信区间;MAFLD,代谢相关脂肪性肝病;ASCVD,动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病。

    下载: 导出CSV
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