八宝丹胶囊治疗慢性乙型肝炎病毒感染合并胆囊息肉的效果及安全性分析
DOI: 10.12449/JCH260210
Efficacy and safety of Babaodan Capsule in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection comorbid with gallbladder polyps
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摘要:
目的 评估八宝丹胶囊治疗肝胆湿热型慢性乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)感染合并胆囊息肉患者的效果及安全性。 方法 采用随机、双盲、安慰剂对照的单中心设计,纳入2020年8月—2023年4月首都医科大学附属北京佑安医院收治的慢性HBV感染者120例,分为治疗组(八宝丹胶囊)与对照组(安慰剂),各60例,疗程24周,每4周随访1次。主要疗效指标是胆囊息肉数量与最大直径(超声评估),次要指标是中医证候积分、血脂及肝功能指标等。计量资料2组间比较采用成组t检验或Wilcoxon秩和检验,计数资料2组间比较采用χ²检验或Fisher精确概率法;等级资料2组间比较采用Wilcoxon秩和检验;重复测量数据采用广义估计方程进行分析。 结果 治疗8周后,治疗组息肉直径及数量均显著低于对照组(Z值分别为-1.76、-1.80,P值均<0.05);治疗24周后,治疗组息肉缩小率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(30.51% vs 10.91%,P<0.05)。亚组分析显示,联合抗病毒治疗者、男性、息肉<5 mm及多发息肉患者获益更为显著。治疗后第8周,治疗组中医证候积分优于对照组(Z=-2.35,P<0.05);治疗后,治疗组高密度脂蛋白胆固醇升高幅度更显著(Z=-1.85,P<0.05),丙氨酸氨基转移酶(Z=-2.06,P<0.05)、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(Z=-2.13,P<0.05)、总胆红素(Z=-2.12,P<0.05)和直接胆红素(Z=-3.09,P<0.05)水平显著低于对照组。2组均未发生严重的不良事件。 结论 八宝丹胶囊可缩小肝胆湿热型慢性HBV感染患者的胆囊息肉,改善中医证候,降低胆红素水平,安全性良好,可能更适用于联合抗病毒治疗及特定亚群(男性、息肉<5 mm、多发息肉)患者。 Abstract:Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of Babaodan Capsule (BBD) in the treatment of patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection with damp-heat in the liver and gallbladder comorbid with gallbladder polyps. Methods A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled single-center trial was conducted among 120 patients with chronic HBV infection who were admitted to Beijing YouAn Hospital, Capital Medical University, from August 2020 to April 2023, and they were divided into treatment group (BBD) and control group (placebo), with 60 patients in each group. The course of treatment was 24 weeks, and follow-up assessments were conducted every 4 weeks. The primary outcome measures were the number and maximum diameter of gallbladder polyps (assessed by ultrasound), and the secondary outcome measures included traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome score, blood lipid levels, and liver function parameters. The independent-samples t test or the Wilcoxon rank-sum test was used for comparison of continuous data between two groups, and the chi-square test or the Fisher’s exact test was used for comparison of categorical data between two groups; the Wilcoxon rank-sum test was used for comparison of ranked data between two groups; the generalized estimating equation was used to analyze repeated measures data. Results After 8 weeks of treatment, the treatment group had a significantly smaller diameter of polyps and a significantly lower number of polyps than the control group (Z=-1.76 and -1.80, both P<0.05), and after 24 weeks of treatment, the treatment group had a significantly higher polyp reduction rate than the control group (30.51% vs 10.91%, P<0.05). The subgroup analysis showed that patients receiving combined antiviral therapy, male patients, patients with a diameter of polyps of <5 mm, and patients with multiple polyps tended to achieve significantly greater benefits. At week 8 of treatment, the treatment group had a significantly better TCM syndrome score than the control group (Z=-2.35, P<0.05); after treatment, compared with the control group, the treatment group had a significantly greater increase in high-density lipoprotein (Z=-1.85, P<0.05) and significantly lower levels of alanine aminotransferase (Z=-2.06, P <0.05), aspartate aminotransferase (Z=-2.13, P<0.05), total bilirubin (Z=-2.12, P<0.05), and direct bilirubin (Z=-3.09, P<0.05). No serious adverse events were reported in either group. Conclusion BBD can effectively reduce the size of gallbladder polyps, improve TCM syndrome score, and reduce the level of bilirubin in patients with chronic HBV infection with damp-heat in the liver and gallbladder, with a favorable safety profile, and it may be more suitable for patients receiving combined antiviral therapy and specific subgroups (male patients, patients with a diameter of polyps of <5 mm, and patients with multiple polyps. -
Key words:
- Hepatitis B Virus /
- Gallbladder Polyps /
- Babaodan Capsules /
- Therapeutics
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表 1 基线资料对比
Table 1. Comparison of demographic data
指标 总计(n=114) 对照组(n=55) 治疗组(n=59) 统计值 P值 年龄(岁) 45.11±10.01 46.11±11.15 44.17±8.81 t=1.03 0.303 性别[例(%)] χ²=2.10 0.147 男 71(62.28) 38(69.09) 33(55.93) 女 43(37.72) 17(30.91) 26(44.07) 身高(cm) 169.03±8.12 170.22±8.64 167.92±7.50 t=1.52 0.131 体重(kg) 69.13±12.25 69.60±12.19 68.69±12.40 t=0.40 0.693 民族[例(%)] 0.361 汉族 111(97.37) 54(98.18) 57(96.61) 满族 2(1.75) 0(0.00) 2(3.39) 壮族 1(0.88) 1(1.82) 0(0.00) 婚姻状况[例(%)] χ²=0.00 >0.05 已婚 107(93.86) 52(94.55) 55(93.22) 未婚 7(6.14) 3(5.45) 4(6.78) 教育程度[例(%)] 0.087 初等教育 8(7.02) 5(9.09) 3(5.08) 中等教育 48(42.11) 28(50.91) 20(33.90) 高等教育 58(50.88) 22(40.00) 36(61.02) HBV感染史(年) 20.00(10.00~31.00) 20.00(13.75~33.25) 20.00(10.00~30.00) Z=-0.56 0.573 抗病毒治疗[例(%)] 85(74.56) 39 (70.91) 46(77.97) χ²=0.75 0.387 合并代谢综合征[例(%)] 53(46.49) 26(47.27) 27(45.76) χ²=0.03 0.872 肝功能指标 ALT(U/L) 22.00(15.50~31.00) 23.00(17.00~31.00) 20.00(14.25~31.00) Z=-0.98 0.325 AST(U/L) 24.00(20.00~27.00) 25.00(22.00~27.00) 24.00(19.00~27.75) Z=-1.52 0.128 TBil(μmol/L) 17.00(13.85~21.35) 17.20(14.00~22.50) 16.65(13.27~21.10) Z=-0.44 0.660 DBil(μmol/L) 5.10(4.10~6.55) 5.40(4.20~7.30) 4.85(4.10~6.07) Z=-1.17 0.243 GGT(U/L) 17.00(12.00~24.75) 18.00(12.00~25.00) 16.00(12.00~23.00) Z=-0.19 0.848 ALP(U/L) 76.00(64.50~88.00) 76.00(64.00~93.00) 76.00(65.25~83.75) Z=-0.35 0.730 血脂指标 TC(mmol/L) 0.98(0.71~1.27) 1.00(0.73~1.28) 0.96(0.71~1.24) Z=-0.19 0.849 TG(mmol/L) 4.60±0.80 4.60±0.75 4.60±0.86 t=0.01 0.990 HDL-C(mmol/L) 1.14(0.89~1.44) 1.08(0.89~1.48) 1.17(0.94~1.40) Z=-0.41 0.682 LDL-C(mmol/L) 2.86±0.72 2.81±0.64 2.90±0.79 t=-0.62 0.536 胆囊息肉特征 病程(年) 2.00(1.00~7.00) 3.00(1.00~8.00) 2.00(0.50~5.00) Z=-1.67 0.095 息肉直径(mm) 4.00(3.00~5.00) 4.00(4.00~5.50) 4.00(3.00~5.00) Z=-1.63 0.103 息肉大小[例(%)] χ²=1.60 0.206 直径<5 mm 67(58.77) 29(52.73) 38(64.41) 直径≥5 mm 47(41.23) 26(47.27) 21(35.59) 息肉数量(个) 2(1~5) 2(1~5) 2(1~4) Z=-1.53 0.127 息肉类别[例(%)] χ²=1.44 0.231 单发 48(42.11) 20(36.36) 28(47.46) 多发 66(57.89) 35(63.64) 31(52.54) 胆囊壁[例(%)] 毛糙 113(99.12) 55(100.00) 58(98.31) χ²=0.00 >0.05 增厚>3 mm 8(7.02) 3(5.45) 5(8.47) χ²=0.07 0.792 治疗前中医证候积分(分) 7.00(4.00~10.00) 8.00(5.00~10.50) 6.00(4.00~10.00) Z=-1.19 0.233 注:HBV,乙型肝炎病毒;ALT,丙氨酸氨基转移酶;AST,天冬氨酸氨基转移酶;TBil,总胆红素;DBil,直接胆红素;GGT,γ-谷氨酰转移酶;ALP,碱性磷酸酶;TC,总胆固醇;TG,甘油三酯;HDL-C,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇;LDL-C,低密度脂蛋白胆固醇。
表 2 治疗24周后总有效率对比
Table 2. Comparison of total effective rate after 24 weeks of treatment
指标 总计(n=114) 对照组(n=55) 治疗组(n=59) 统计值 P值 疗效[例(%)] Z=-1.44 0.086 无效 80(70.18) 42(76.36) 38(64.41) 有效 30(26.32) 12(21.82) 18(30.51) 治愈 4(3.51) 1(1.82) 3(5.08) 总有效率[例(%)] 34(29.82) 13(23.64) 21(35.59) χ²=1.94 0.117 注:总有效率=(治愈例数+有效例数)/总例数×100%。
表 3 治疗24周后息肉缩小率对比
Table 3. Comparison of polyp size reduction rate after 24 weeks of treatment
指标 总计(n=114) 对照组(n=55) 治疗组(n=59) 统计值 P值 疗效[例(%)] Z=-2.54 0.007 无效 90(78.95) 49(89.09) 41(69.49) 缩小 20(17.54) 5(9.09) 15(25.42) 消失 4(3.51) 1(1.82) 3(5.08) 缩小率[例(%)] 24(21.05) 6(10.91) 18(30.51) χ²=6.58 0.009 注:息肉缩小率=(消失例数+息肉缩小>25%例数)/总例数×100%。
表 4 治疗24周后息肉减少率对比
Table 4. Comparison of polyp number reduction rate after 24 weeks of treatment
指标 总计(n=114) 对照组(n=55) 治疗组(n=59) 统计值 P值 疗效[例(%)] Z=-0.81 0.249 无效 95(83.33) 44(80.00) 51(86.44) 减少 15(13.16) 10(18.18) 5(8.47) 消失 4(3.51) 1(1.82) 3(5.08) 减少率[例(%)] 19(16.67) 11(20.00) 8(13.56) χ²=0.85 0.251 注:息肉减少率=(消失例数+数量减少例数)/总例数×100%。
表 5 治疗24周后中医证候积分对比
Table 5. Comparison of TCM syndrome scores after 24 weeks of treatment
中医证候积分 总计(n=114) 对照组(n=55) 治疗组(n=59) Z值 P值 治疗前 7.00(4.00~10.00) 8.00(5.00~10.50) 6.00(4.00~10.00) -1.19 0.233 治疗后 2.00(0.00~4.00) 2.00(0.00~3.00) 2.00(0.00~4.75) -0.47 0.320 表 6 治疗24周后血脂指标变化对比
Table 6. Comparison of blood lipid after 24 weeks of treatment
指标 总计(n=114) 对照组(n=55) 治疗组(n=59) 统计值 P值 TG(mmol/L) 0.94(0.72~1.37) 1.06(0.75~1.45) 0.89(0.70~1.33) Z=-0.75 0.229 TC(mmol/L) 4.48(3.96~5.16) 4.42(3.99~5.14) 4.75(3.94~5.25) Z=-0.51 0.308 HDL-C(mmol/L) 1.20(0.96~1.45) 1.13(0.92~1.44) 1.27(0.99~1.45) Z=-0.89 0.189 LDL-C(mmol/L) 2.82±0.71 2.77±0.67 2.86±0.75 t=-0.62 0.269 注:TC,总胆固醇;TG,甘油三酯;HDL-C,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇;LDL-C,低密度脂蛋白胆固醇。
表 7 治疗24周后肝功能指标变化对比
Table 7. Comparison of liver function after 24 weeks of treatment
指标 总计(n=114) 对照组(n=55) 治疗组(n=59) 统计值 P值 ALT(U/L) 21.00(16.00~30.00) 24.00(16.00~35.00) 19.00(15.25~24.00) Z=-2.06 0.020 AST(U/L) 23.00(20.00~28.00) 23.00(21.00~30.50) 22.00(19.25~25.50) Z=-2.13 0.016 TBil(μmol/L) 16.90(13.60~21.80) 19.20(14.55~22.20) 15.80(12.83~18.80) Z=-2.12 0.017 DBil(μmol/L) 5.30(4.00~6.40) 5.90(4.70~7.60) 4.40(3.62~6.20) Z=-3.09 0.001 GGT(U/L) 18.00(13.00~25.00) 18.00(14.00~26.00) 17.50(12.00~23.75) Z=-0.34 0.367 ALP(U/L) 75.86±21.35 77.81±24.58 73.87±17.52 t=0.89 0.189 注:ALT,丙氨酸氨基转移酶;AST,天冬氨酸氨基转移酶;TBil,总胆红素;DBil,直接胆红素;GGT,γ-谷氨酰转移酶;ALP,碱性磷酸酶。
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