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调整抗病毒治疗方案对慢性乙型肝炎低病毒血症患者预后的影响

贺梦雯 杨武才 王春艳 付懿铭 郭畅 王建军 纪冬

引用本文:
Citation:

调整抗病毒治疗方案对慢性乙型肝炎低病毒血症患者预后的影响

DOI: 10.12449/JCH250609
基金项目: 

国家自然科学基金面上项目 (82470632);

国家重点研发计划 (2023YFC2306800)

伦理学声明:本研究于2020年7月14日经由中国人民解放军总医院第五医学中心伦理委员会审批,批号:No.2020056D。
利益冲突声明:本文不存在任何利益冲突。
作者贡献声明:贺梦雯负责数据收集与分析,稿件撰写和修改;杨武才、王春艳、付懿铭、郭畅、王建军负责数据收集与分析,稿件修改;纪冬负责研究设计与指导,并最终定稿。
详细信息
    通信作者:

    纪冬, jidg302@126.com (ORCID: 0000-0001-8214-462X)

Influence of antiviral treatment adjustment on the prognosis of chronic hepatitis B patients with low-level viremia

Research funding: 

General Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China (82470632);

National Key Research and Development Program of China (2023YFC2306800)

More Information
    Corresponding author: JI Dong, jidg302@126.com (ORCID: 0000-0001-8214-462X)
  • 摘要:   目的  探讨慢性乙型肝炎低病毒血症(LLV)(20 IU/mL≤HBV DNA<2 000 IU/mL)患者调整治疗后原发性肝癌(PLC)发生率和肝纤维化进展的情况,以期为临床实践提供更充分的证据支持。  方法  回顾性分析2007年8月—2017年4月于中国人民解放军总医院第五医学中心初始接受核苷(酸)类似物(NAs)治疗至少48周,并接受后续NAs调整的LLV患者的临床资料,根据调整治疗48周后的病毒学应答情况分为LLV组和完全病毒学应答(CVR)组(HBV DNA<20 IU/mL),每3~6个月随访1次,观察至主要终点事件PLC发生或2024年10月。观察PLC发生率和肝纤维化进展情况,肝纤维化进展定义为FIB-4分级增加≥1级。连续变量若符合正态分布两组间比较采用成组t检验;偏态分布两组间比较采用Mann-Whitney U检验。分类资料采用χ2检验进行组间比较。采用Kaplan-Meier方法计算PLC累积发生率,Log-rank法检验组间差异,采用Cox回归分析PLC的危险因素;采用Logistic回归分析肝纤维化进展的影响因素。  结果  共纳入307例患者,平均年龄为50.0岁,男性占80.5%,调整NAs方案后治疗48周时,82.7%(254例)获得CVR,17.3%(53例)仍为LLV。LLV组的PLC发生率为30.2%,肝纤维化进展率为22.6%;CVR组的PLC发生率为13.4%,肝纤维化进展率为7.5%。多因素回归分析显示,LLV是PLC发生(HR=2.623,95%CI:1.315~5.234,P=0.006)和肝纤维化进展(OR=3.213,95%CI:1.385~7.455,P=0.007)的独立危险因素。  结论  LLV一经诊断需积极调整治疗以提高CVR,若调整治疗后仍为LLV,需加强肝纤维化进展及PLC监测,以期早诊早治。

     

  • 图  1  研究流程图

    Figure  1.  Study design and flowchart

    图  2  PLC累积发生率Kaplan-Meier曲线

    Figure  2.  Kaplan-Meier curve of cumulative incidence of PLC

    图  3  调整治疗前后FIB-4水平比较

    Figure  3.  Comparison of FIB-4 levels before and after adjusting treatment regimens between LLV group and CVR group

    表  1  调整抗病毒治疗的方案及相应的病毒学应答情况

    Table  1.   Virological response under different antiviral treatment adjustment

    NAs治疗调整方案 例数 CVR[例(%)]
    ADV+LAM/LDT→ETV+TDF/TAF 44 38(86.4)
    ETV/LAM/LDT→ETV+TDF/TAF 99 84(84.8)
    ETV/LAM/LDT→TDF/TAF 164 132(80.5)
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  调整治疗前LLV组与CVR组临床特征比较

    Table  2.   Comparison of clinical characteristics between LLV group and CVR group before adjusting treatment

    变量 总计(n=307) LLV组(n=53) CVR组(n=254) 统计值 P
    年龄(岁) 50.0±11.5 52.3±9.9 49.5±11.7 t=1.983 0.051
    男性[例(%)] 247(80.5) 43(81.1) 204(80.3) χ2<0.001 >0.999
    PLT(×109/L) 134.0(76.5~195.0) 121.0(70.0~180.0) 138.5(79.8~196.8) Z=-1.486 0.137
    ALT(U/L) 27.0(19.0~41.0) 27.0(21.0~37.0) 27.0(19.0~41.0) Z=0.128 0.898
    AST(U/L) 28.0(21.0~43.0) 34.0(25.0~58.0) 28.0(21.0~42.5) Z=1.362 0.173
    TBil(μmol/L) 14.3(10.3~20.1) 14.9(9.9~21.8) 14.2(10.4~19.8) Z=0.281 0.779
    HBeAg阳性[例(%)] 188(61.2) 35(66.0) 153(60.2) χ2=0.401 0.526
    HBV DNA(IU/mL) 287.0(100.0~827.5) 279.0(114.0~1 070.0) 290.5(100.0~756.8) Z=0.669 0.503
    qHBsAg(IU/mL) 5 196.0(3 232.5~6 699.5) 4 759.0(3 273.0~6 606.0) 5 312.5(3 183.8~6 727.0) Z=-0.376 0.707
    FIB-4[例(%)] χ2=2.589 0.274
    <1.45 102(33.2) 14(26.4) 88(34.6)
    1.45~3.25 100(32.6) 16(30.2) 84(33.1)
    ≥3.25 105(34.2) 23(43.4) 82(32.3)
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  调整治疗48周后LLV组与CVR组临床特征比较

    Table  3.   Comparison of clinical characteristics between LLV group and CVR group after 48 weeks of adjusted treatment

    变量 总计(n=307) LLV组(n=53) CVR组(n=254) 统计值 P
    年龄(岁) 51.0±11.5 53.3±9.9 50.5±11.7 t=1.983 0.051
    男性[例(%)] 247(80.5) 43(81.1) 204(80.3) χ2<0.001 >0.999
    PLT(×109/L) 162.0(94.0~210.5) 123.0(61.0~181.0) 170.0(103.8~215.8) Z=-3.043 0.002
    ALT(U/L) 24.0(18.0~33.50) 29.0(21.0~40.0) 23.0(17.0~32.0) Z=2.966 0.003
    AST(U/L) 25.0(21.0~34.0) 34.0(25.0~58.0) 24.0(20.0~32.0) Z=4.584 <0.001
    TBil(μmol/L) 13.1(9.7~19.7) 14.8(10.2~21.5) 12.9(9.7~19.4) Z=0.831 0.406
    HBeAg阳性[例(%)] 153(49.8) 40(75.5) 113(44.5) χ2=15.622 <0.001
    HBV DNA(IU/mL) 0(0~0) 553.0(115.0~4 690.0) 0(0~0) Z=17.194 <0.001
    qHBsAg(IU/mL) 4 783.0(1 588.0~6 478.5) 6 145.0(4 462.0~7 326.0) 4 237.0(1 482.0~6 363.0) Z=3.605 <0.001
    FIB-4[例(%)] χ2=14.444 0.001
    <1.45 128(41.7) 11(20.8) 117(46.1)
    1.45~3.25 95(30.9) 18(34.0) 77(30.3)
    ≥3.25 84(27.4) 24(45.2) 60(23.6)
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  4  PLC发生风险的单因素和多因素Cox回归分析

    Table  4.   Univariable and multivariable Cox analysis for PLC risk

    变量 单因素分析 多因素分析
    HR(95%CI P HR(95%CI P
    男性 1.240(0.601~2.557) 0.561
    年龄(岁) 1.047(1.019~1.076) 0.001 1.042(1.011~1.074) 0.007
    PLT(×109/L) 0.992(0.988~0.996) <0.001 0.995(0.991~0.999) 0.027
    ALT(U/L) 1.013(1.005~1.021) 0.001 1.001(0.987~1.015) 0.927
    AST(U/L) 1.017(1.010~1.023) <0.001 1.010(0.998~1.022) 0.089
    TBil(μmol/L) 1.008(1.003~1.012) 0.001 1.001(0.995~1.007) 0.724
    HBeAg阳性 0.909(0.516~1.603) 0.742
    LLV 4.451(2.404~8.240) <0.001 2.623(1.315~5.234) 0.006
    qHBsAg(IU/mL) 1.000(1.000~1.000) 0.602
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  5  肝纤维化进展的单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析

    Table  5.   Univariable and multivariable Logistic analysis for fibrosis progression

    变量 单因素分析 多因素分析
    OR(95%CI P OR(95%CI P
    男性 1.294(0.475~3.524) 0.614
    TBil(μmol/L) 0.995(0.976~1.014) 0.585
    HBeAg阳性 1.678(0.784~3.589) 0.182 1.159(0.491~2.734) 0.737
    LLV 3.620(1.634~8.018) 0.002 3.213(1.385~7.455) 0.007
    qHBsAg(IU/mL) 1.000(1.000~1.000) 0.135 1.000(1.000~1.000) 0.526
    下载: 导出CSV
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