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白蛋白临床试验设计中的统计学考量

孔媛媛 姚晨 贾继东

引用本文:
Citation:

白蛋白临床试验设计中的统计学考量

DOI: 10.12449/JCH250305
基金项目: 

国家重点研发计划 (2023YFC2306902);

国家重点研发计划 (2023YFC2306900);

北京市卫生健康委高层次公共卫生技术人才建设项目 (Subject-backbones-010-018)

利益冲突声明:本文不存在任何利益冲突。
作者贡献声明:孔媛媛负责数据分析、文章撰写;姚晨负责统计内容指导、论文审阅;贾继东负责临床内容指导、论文审阅。
详细信息
    通信作者:

    孔媛媛, kongyy@ccmu.edu.cn (ORCID: 0000-0002-2586-1443)

Statistical considerations in the design of albumin clinical trials

Research funding: 

National Key Research and Development Program (2023YFC2306902);

National Key Research and Development Program (2023YFC2306900);

Beijing Municipal Health Commission High level Public Health Technical Talent Construction Project (Subject-backbones-010-018)

More Information
    Corresponding author: KONG Yuanyuan, kongyy@ccmu.edu.cn (ORCID: 0000-0002-2586-1443)
  • 摘要: 白蛋白在临床中的应用广泛,其临床试验设计的合理性直接影响研究结果的可靠性和临床应用价值。本文综述了白蛋白临床试验设计中的关键统计学考量,包括对主要终点的选择、统计学假设及非劣效界值的设定、腹水改善的临床评价标准、样本量的估计、中期分析等问题进行探讨,旨在为临床研究者提供方法学参考,以优化临床试验设计、提高其科学性和可行性。

     

  • 表  1  腹水有效率、率差及非劣效界值与样本量的关系(率差=0)

    Table  1.   Impact of ascites treatment efficacy, rate difference and non-inferiority margin on sample size (rate difference=0)

    对照组有效率估计值 有效率差值 非劣效界值 样本量 扩充后样本量(设脱落率10%)
    45% 0 -10% 778(389/组) 866(433/组)
    50% 0 -10% 786(393/组) 874(437/组)
    55% 0 -10% 778(389/组) 866(433/组)
    60% 0 -10% 754(377/组) 838(419/组)
    65% 0 -10% 716(358/组) 796(398/组)
    70% 0 -10% 660(330/组) 734(367/组)
    45% 0 -15% 346(173/组) 386(193/组)
    50% 0 -15% 350(175/组) 390(195/组)
    55% 0 -15% 346(173/组) 386(193/组)
    60% 0 -15% 336(168/组) 374(187/组)
    65% 0 -15% 318(159/组) 354(177/组)
    70% 0 -15% 294(147/组) 328(164组)

    注:power=0.8,单侧α=0.025。

    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  腹水有效率、率差及非劣效界值与样本量的关系(率差=-5%)

    Table  2.   Impact of ascites treatment efficacy, rate difference and non-inferiority margin on sample size (rate difference=-5%)

    对照组有效率估计值 有效率差值 非劣效界值 样本量 扩充后样本量(设脱落率10%)
    45% -5% -10% 3 062(1 531/组) 3 404(1 702/组)
    50% -5% -10% 3 124(1 562/组) 3 472(1 736/组)
    55% -5% -10% 3 124(1 562/组) 3 472(1 736/组)
    60% -5% -10% 3 062(1 531/组) 3 404(1 702/组)
    65% -5% -10% 2 936(1 468/组) 3 264(1 632/组)
    70% -5% -10% 2 748(1 374/组) 3 054(1 527/组)
    45% -5% -15% 766(383/组) 852(426/组)
    50% -5% -15% 782(391/组) 870(435/组)
    55% -5% -15% 782(391/组) 870(435/组)
    60% -5% -15% 766(383/组) 852(426/组)
    65% -5% -15% 734(367/组) 816(408/组)
    70% -5% -15% 688(344/组) 766(383/组)

    注:power=0.8,单侧α=0.025。

    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  腹水不同改善标准与有效率差值关系的模拟结果

    Table  3.   Simulation analysis of the relationship between different improvement criteria for ascites and efficacy rate difference

    腹水改善标准

    (腹水程度下降一级或深度较基线下降率达到以下标准)

    平均有效率

    估计值

    有效率差值≥0的概率(试验组-对照组)
    ≤20% 54.5%~69.7% 84.0%
    25% 54.5%~65.4% 71.1%
    30% 48.0%~54.5% 18.8%
    40% 43.8%~49.9% 21.2%
    50% 35.0%~45.3% 14.7%

    注:非真实数据,参考某临床试验Ⅱ期数据模拟,重复抽样1 000次。

    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2024-12-23
  • 录用日期:  2024-12-30
  • 出版日期:  2025-03-25
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