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基于限制性立方样条模型分析绝经时间、绝经年龄与非酒精性脂肪性肝病的关系

赵晨露 马素平 尚东方 刘素彤 刘晓彦 郑瑗瑗 赵文霞

引用本文:
Citation:

基于限制性立方样条模型分析绝经时间、绝经年龄与非酒精性脂肪性肝病的关系

DOI: 10.12449/JCH250209
基金项目: 

第二届全国名中医工作室建设项目 (National Office of Traditional Chinese Medicine [2022] No.245);

河南省中医学双一流创建科学研究专项 (HSRP-DECTCM-2023-3-13);

河南省特色骨干学科中医学学科建设项目 (STG-ZYXKY-2020024)

伦理学声明:本研究方案于2022年2月经由河南中医药大学第一附属医院伦理委员会审批,批号:2022HL-104-01。
利益冲突声明:本文不存在任何利益冲突。
作者贡献声明:赵晨露负责课题设计,资料分析,撰写论文;尚东方、刘素彤、郑瑗瑗参与收集数据,修改论文;赵文霞、马素平、刘晓彦负责拟定写作思路,指导撰写文章并最后定稿。
详细信息
    通信作者:

    赵文霞, zhao-wenxia@163.com (ORCID: 0000-0001-6666-9469)

Association of menopausal time and menopausal age with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: An analysis based on a restricted cubic spline model

Research funding: 

The Second National Famous Chinese Medicine Studio Construction Project (National Office of Traditional Chinese Medicine [2022] No.245);

Henan Province Traditional Chinese Medicine Double First-class Creation Scientific Research Project (HSRP-DECTCM-2023-3-13);

Construction Project of Traditional Chinese Medicine Discipline in Henan Province (STG-ZYXKY-2020024)

More Information
  • 摘要:   目的  探讨绝经时间、绝经年龄与非酒精性脂肪性肝病(NAFLD)发病风险的关系,为临床早期防治NAFLD提供依据。  方法  收集2017年1月—2021年12月就诊于河南中医药大学第一附属医院脾胃肝胆病科门诊的373例绝经后女性患者的基本信息、绝经年龄、绝经时间及是否患有NAFLD。计数资料组间比较采用χ2检验;符合正态分布的计量资料两组间比较采用成组t检验,不符合正态分布的计量资料两组间比较采用Wilcoxon秩和检验;采用Logistic回归分析绝经时间、年龄与NAFLD风险的关联强度(OR)及95%CI,采用限制性立方样条法(RCS)分析绝经时间、年龄与NAFLD患病风险的剂量反应关系。  结果  与正常绝经和晚期绝经者相比,早期绝经者的NAFLD患病率、肝脂肪变性和肝纤维化分级程度均较高(P值均<0.05)。调整年龄、初潮年龄等混杂因素后,与绝经时间≤3年相比,绝经时间>3年者NAFLD患病风险为前者的4.80倍(95%CI:1.93~11.95,P=0.001);与正常绝经年龄者相比,早期绝经年龄者和晚期绝经年龄者NAFLD患病风险分别为前者的8.14倍(95%CI:1.77~37.58,P=0.007)和0.09倍(95%CI:0.03~0.32,P<0.001)。绝经时间、绝经年龄与NAFLD患病风险呈现剂量-反应关系,绝经时间与NAFLD患病关联强度呈正相关,而绝经年龄与NAFLD患病关联强度呈负相关。  结论  绝经时间越长、绝经年龄越早者患NAFLD风险越高。

     

  • 图  1  不同绝经年龄组NAFLD、肝脂肪变性、肝纤维化分级的百分比

    Figure  1.  Percentage of NAFLD, steatosis and fibrosis in different menopausal age groups

    图  2  基于RCS分析绝经时间、绝经年龄与NAFLD患病的剂量-反应关系

    Figure  2.  Analysis of menopause time and menopause age based on restricted cubic spline method

    表  1  一般资料比较

    Table  1.   Comparison of general data

    项目 NAFLD(n=266) 非NAFLD(n=107) 统计值 P
    年龄(岁) 54.88±7.28 54.72±5.80 t=0.151 0.880
    初潮年龄(岁) 13.15±1.24 13.06±0.99 t=0.703 0.483
    绝经年龄(岁) 49.50±4.05 51.31±3.85 t=0.839 <0.001
    绝经时间(年) 3.00(1.00~9.00) 2.00(1.00~5.00) Z=-3.255 0.001
    手术绝经[有/无,例(%)] 45(16.9)/221(83.1) 12(11.2)/95(88.8) χ2=1.917 0.166
    BMI(kg/m2 27.93±2.68 23.76±3.92 t=11.783 <0.001
    腰围(cm) 91.82±14.03 79.92±8.95 t=8.129 <0.001
    合并症[例(%)]
    高血压 30(11.3) 11(10.3) χ2=0.078 0.781
    2型糖尿病 23(8.6) 6(5.6) χ2=0.983 0.321
    高脂血症 25(9.4) 6(5.6) χ2=1.439 0.230
    高尿酸血症 10(3.8) 8(7.5) χ2=2.296 0.130
    肥胖 117(44.0) 23(21.5) χ2=16.461 <0.001
    焦虑 55(20.7) 14(13.1) χ2=2.918 0.088
    围绝经期综合征 70(26.3) 23(21.5) χ2=0.947 0.330
    实验室参数
    ALT(U/L) 24.60(16.85~38.10) 15.70(11.23~21.68) Z=-6.369 <0.001
    AST(U/L) 23.55(19.45~32.90) 18.80(14.70~20.30) Z=-7.748 <0.001
    GGT(U/L) 22.40(15.85~31.65) 18.70(15.10~24.68) Z=-2.865 0.004
    TG(mmol/L) 1.60±0.84 1.25±0.77 t=3.690 <0.001
    TC(mmol/L) 4.94±1.16 4.48±0.95 t=3.636 <0.001
    HDL(mmol/L) 1.27±0.27 1.36±0.18 t=-3.173 0.002
    LDL(mmol/L) 3.02±1.00 2.43±0.80 t=5.445 <0.001
    FFA(mmol/L) 0.58±0.32 0.47±0.28 t=3.069 0.002
    UA(μmol/L) 302.78±78.46 283.34±78.89 t=2.160 0.031
    FBG(mmol/L) 5.77±1.28 5.73±0.88 t=0.281 0.779
    E2(pg/mL) 21.68±7.90 23.25±7.59 t=-1.762 0.079
    肝脏评估
    CAP(dB/m) 284.74±43.86 263.77±27.92 t=4.585 <0.001
    LSM(kPa) 6.35±1.84 5.91±1.63 t=2.180 0.030
    FIB-4 1.34(1.02~1.91) 1.11(0.78~1.36) Z=-5.313 <0.001
    APRI 0.35(0.26~0.50) 0.22(0.18~0.27) Z=-8.007 <0.001
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  不同绝经年龄组NAFLD、肝脂肪变性、肝纤维化分级的百分比比较

    Table  2.   Comparison of the percentage of NAFLD, steatosis and fibrosis in different menopausal age groups

    项目 早期绝经(n=67) 正常绝经(n=253) 晚期绝经(n=53) χ2 P
    NAFLD[例(%)] 56(83.6) 180(71.1) 30(56.6) 10.539 0.005
    非NAFLD[例(%)] 11(16.4) 73(28.9) 23(43.4)
    肝脂肪变性分级[例(%)] 4.822 0.028
    S0 35(52.2) 142(56.1) 36(67.9)
    S1 6(9.0) 35(13.8) 6(11.3)
    S2 2(3.0) 20(7.9) 1(1.9)
    S3 24(35.9) 56(22.1) 10(18.9)
    肝纤维化分级[例(%)] 20.767 0.002
    F0~F1 52(77.6) 238(94.1) 48(90.6)
    F2 7(10.4) 10(4.0) 3(5.7)
    F3 7(10.4) 3(1.2) 2(3.8)
    F4 1(1.5) 2(0.8) 0(0.0)
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  绝经时间、年龄与NAFLD患病风险的Logistic 回归分析

    Table  3.   Logistic regression analysis of menopausal time, age and risk of NAFLD

    项目 模型1 模型2 模型3
    crude OR(95%CI P adjusted OR(95%CI P adjusted OR(95%CI P
    绝经时间
    ≤3年
    >3年 1.74(1.10~2.77) 0.018 3.11(1.72~5.62) <0.001 4.80(1.93~11.95) 0.001
    绝经年龄
    早期 2.07(1.02~4.16) 0.043 8.77(3.18~24.19) <0.001 8.14(1.77~37.58) 0.007
    正常
    晚期 0.53(0.29~0.97) 0.040 0.30(0.14~0.64) 0.002 0.09(0.03~0.32) <0.001

    注:模型1为单因素模型;模型2调整了年龄、初潮年龄、绝经时间或绝经年龄;模型3在模型2的基础上调整了BMI、腰围、是否肥胖、ALT、AST、GGT、TG、TC、HDL、LDL、FFA、UA、E2、CAP、LSM、FIB-4、APRI。

    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2024-06-29
  • 录用日期:  2024-08-19
  • 出版日期:  2025-02-25
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