海南省消除病毒性肝炎公共卫生危害工作实践
DOI: 10.12449/JCH250206
Working practices in eliminating the public health crisis caused by viral hepatitis in Hainan Province of China
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摘要: 2022年海南省政府启动了病毒性肝炎防治项目,其目标为:到2025年底18岁以上人群乙型肝炎筛查率达到90%,诊断率达到90%,治疗率达到80%;其主要干预措施为“人群预防、病例筛查、抗病毒治疗和健康管理”。截至2024年12月31日,累计筛查乙型肝炎大众人群687.5万人,筛查率为95.6%;发现HBsAg阳性者184 710例,其中确诊复核检测156 772例,诊断率为84.9%;发现慢性乙型肝炎患者50 742例,其中建立乙型肝炎专病档案进行健康管理42 921例,建档率84.6%;抗病毒治疗31 553例,治疗率62.2%。累计筛查丙型肝炎重点人群250.3万人,其中抗-HCV阳性4 870例,HCV RNA检测3 858例,诊断率为79.2%;发现HCV RNA阳性1 824例,其中接受抗病毒治疗1 194例,治疗率65.5%。对HBsAg和抗-HBs阴性、年龄在20~40岁人群免费接种乙型肝炎疫苗159 301人。通过病毒性肝炎防治项目的实施,海南省短期内发现、治疗和管理了一大批病毒性肝炎患者,明显加快了消除病毒性肝炎危害行动步伐。
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关键词:
- 肝炎, 病毒性, 人 /
- 公共卫生工作 /
- 海南
Abstract: In 2022, Hainan provincial government launched the project for the prevention and control of viral hepatitis with the goals of a hepatitis B screening rate of 90%, a diagnostic rate of 90%, and a treatment rate of 80% among people aged 18 years and above by the year 2025, and the main intervention measures include population-based prevention, case screening, antiviral therapy, and health management. As of December 31, 2024, a total of 6.875 million individuals in the general population had been screened for hepatitis B, with a screening rate of 95.6%. A total of 184 710 individuals with positive HBsAg were identified, among whom 156 772 were diagnosed through serological reexamination, resulting in a diagnostic rate of 84.9%. A total of 50 742 patients with chronic hepatitis B were identified, among whom 42 921 had hepatitis B-specific health records established for health management, with a file establishment rate of 84.6%. A total of 31 553 individuals received antiviral therapy, with a treatment rate of 62.2%. A total of 2.503 million individuals at a high risk of hepatitis C were screened, among whom 4 870 tested positive for HCV antibody and 3 858 underwent HCV RNA testing, resulting in a diagnostic rate of 79.2%, and 1 824 individuals with positive HCV RNA were identified, among whom 1 194 received antiviral therapy, with a treatment rate of 65.5%. In addition, 159 301 individuals with negative HBsAg and anti-HBs and an age of 20 — 40 years were inoculated with hepatitis B vaccine free of charge. Through the implementation of the project for the prevention and control of viral hepatitis, a large number of hepatitis patients have been identified, treated, and managed in the province within a short period of time, which significantly accelerates the efforts to eliminate the crisis of viral hepatitis.-
Key words:
- Hepatitis, Viral, Human /
- Public Health Practice /
- Hainan
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表 1 海南省各市县20岁以上人群乙型肝炎筛查、诊断与治疗工作进展
Table 1. Progress of hepatitis B screening, diagnosis and treatment among people aged 20 and above in Hainan Province
市县 20岁 以上常住 人口(例) 累计筛查(例) 筛查率(%) 发现HBsAg 阳性(例) 阳性者中复核检查(例) 诊断率(%) 确诊患者中适合治疗者(例) 其中累计建档(例) 建档率(%) 开始抗病毒治疗(例) 治疗率(%) 海口市 2 212 469 2 049 123 92.6 31 639 22 694 71.7 10 678 6 709 62.8 3 447 32.3 三亚市 742 485 739 874 99.6 11 966 11 257 94.1 2 561 2 096 81.8 694 27.1 儋州市 654 249 630 092 96.3 31 787 28 747 90.4 3 819 3 360 88.0 2 767 72.5 五指山市 72 923 68 920 94.5 4 895 3 962 80.9 2 103 1 858 88.3 1 671 79.5 琼海市 364 688 353 421 96.9 14 229 11 929 83.8 3 756 3 324 88.5 2 698 71.8 文昌市 416 614 389 451 93.5 8 143 7 002 86.0 1 904 1 767 92.8 1 504 79.0 万宁市 374 656 352 228 94.0 9 071 7 658 84.4 4 787 4 116 86.0 2 535 53.0 东方市 296 460 294 408 99.3 6 719 6 475 96.4 413 392 94.9 338 81.8 定安县 170 007 160 216 94.2 4 509 3 712 82.3 960 866 90.2 692 72.1 屯昌县 169 179 167 590 99.1 5 000 4 132 82.6 2 019 1 848 91.5 1 520 75.3 澄迈县 328 428 323 163 98.4 10 309 8 657 84.0 5 283 4 749 89.9 3 879 73.4 临高县 280 953 275 963 98.2 7 916 6 947 87.8 1 491 1 310 87.9 1 150 77.1 白沙县 115 659 109 725 94.9 6 602 5 779 87.5 2 137 1 995 93.4 1 634 76.5 昌江县 161 773 158 020 97.7 5 264 4 245 80.6 1 266 1 119 88.4 962 76.0 乐东县 334 469 320 960 96.0 5 261 5 244 99.7 275 259 94.2 222 80.7 陵水县 278 198 272 805 98.1 15 152 12 584 83.1 4 799 4 799 100 3 678 76.6 保亭县 111 025 103 167 92.9 2 815 2 640 93.8 821 754 91.8 687 83.7 琼中县 108 857 105 750 97.1 3 433 3 108 90.5 1670 1 600 95.8 1 475 88.3 全省合计 7 193 092 6 874 876 95.6 184 710 156 772 84.9 50 742 42 921 84.6 31 553 62.2 备注:数据为2022年2月1日—2024年12月31日累计数。
表 2 海南省各市县重点人群丙型肝炎筛查、诊断与治疗工作进展
Table 2. Progress of hepatitis C screening, diagnosis and treatment among key population in cities and counties of Hainan Province
市县名称 HIV感染/AIDS(例) 监管 场所(例) 美沙酮门诊(例) VCT 门诊(例) 二级以上医疗机构(例) 基层医疗机构(例) 筛查人数合计(例) 其中抗- HCV阳性(例) 抗-HCV 阳性者中HCV RNA检测人数(例) 诊断率(%) 其中HCV RNA阳性(例) 纳入治疗(例) 治疗率(%) 保亭县 151 286 2 1 320 0 92 957 94 716 8 8 100 6 5 83.3 琼海市 180 1 028 29 285 23 946 48 775 74 243 200 163 81.5 116 93 80.2 东方市 323 452 24 1 391 31 162 0 33 352 128 115 89.8 31 31 100 屯昌县 223 551 32 1 667 24 576 44 750 71 799 81 75 92.6 48 23 47.9 定安县 93 21 18 8 175 40 604 40 919 66 48 72.7 41 35 85.4 陵水县 198 585 91 1 232 47 786 18 693 68 585 263 234 89.0 98 73 74.5 五指山市 49 0 2 1 589 17 458 259 19 357 132 114 86.4 54 39 72.2 万宁市 357 742 141 1 086 26 816 93 023 122 165 125 68 54.4 55 25 45.5 白沙县 92 417 11 961 4 924 20 754 27 159 97 96 99.0 77 54 70.1 琼中县 241 498 50 1 218 30 274 69 158 101 439 125 68 54.4 55 25 45.5 文昌市 272 478 70 1 080 2 738 326 619 331 257 163 163 100 40 31 77.5 澄迈县 49 783 39 871 47 569 133 297 182 608 338 274 81.1 260 178 68.5 临高县 138 708 89 703 13 78 527 80 178 64 45 70.3 24 8 33.3 乐东县 228 2 138 38 1 254 12 034 13 282 28 974 294 179 60.9 61 7 11.5 昌江县 208 799 8 587 1 407 75 198 78 207 61 45 73.8 10 7 70.0 儋州市 52 0 47 0 37 409 40 233 77 741 513 470 91.6 110 77 70.0 三亚市 1 826 1 254 85 2 886 154 773 11 300 172 124 1 651 1 236 74.9 421 321 76.2 海口市 0 0 0 0 0 898 162 898 162 561 457 81.5 317 162 51.1 全省合计 4 680 10 740 776 18 138 463 060 2 005 591 2 502 985 4 870 3 858 79.2 1 824 1 194 65.5 注:数据为2022年2月1日—2024年12月31日累计数。
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