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阻断HBV母婴传播： 热点与难点
DOI: 10.12449/JCH241102
利益冲突声明：本文不存在任何利益冲突。
作者贡献声明：尹雪如、洪睿轩负责文章撰写；刘志华负责文章审核；侯金林负责终审，并最终定稿。
Hotspots and challenges in blocking the mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B virus
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摘要: 慢性HBV感染是我国最重要的公共卫生问题之一，HBV感染人群超过7 000万，防控工作面临着严峻挑战。当前政府及社会各界正在加速推进“2030年实现消除病毒性肝炎对公众健康的威胁”的宏伟目标。母婴传播是HBV最主要的传播途径，因此，做好HBV母婴阻断是消除病毒性肝炎的关键一环。目前在该领域存在一些热点与难点问题亟需解决，包括妊娠期采用富马酸丙酚替诺福韦长期治疗的安全性、妊娠早期抗病毒治疗的安全性、无免疫球蛋白策略的有效性和HBV经生殖细胞传播的风险等，解决这些问题对进一步推进HBV母婴阻断工作，加快我国实现2030年目标的进程具有重要作用。
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关键词:
- 乙型肝炎病毒 /
- 传染性疾病传播， 垂直 /
- 孕妇
Abstract: Chronic hepatitis B virus （HBV） infection remains a major public health challenge in China， affecting over 70 million people and posing great challenges to the prevention and control of the disease. At present， both the government and sectors of the society are making efforts to achieve the goal of eliminating viral hepatitis as a public health threat by 2030. Mother-to-child transmission is the main route of transmission of HBV， and therefore， blocking the mother-to-child transmission of HBV is the key link in eliminating viral hepatitis. At present， several critical issues still remain unresolved， including the long-term safety of tenofovir alafenamide fumarate during pregnancy， the safety of antiviral therapy in early pregnancy， the effectiveness of immunoglobulin-free strategy， and the risk of HBV transmission through germ cells. Addressing these challenges is important for promoting the blocking of the mother-to-child transmission of HBV and accelerating the progress toward the 2030 goals. -
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