Abstract: Objective To analyze the distribution of pathogenic bacterial strains and their results of drug susceptibility assay in severe liver disease patients with blood and/or ascites infection, and thus provide basis for rational use of antibacterial drugs.Methods Collected blood and/or ascites samples were cultured, identified and tested for drug susceptibility on BACTEC 9120 Automated Blood Culture System and PHNIX 100 Automated Microbiology System.Results Altogether 255 strains of pathogens (187strains from blood culture and 68 form ascites culture) were identified, among which the gram-negative bacteria were most common, accounting for up to 59.6%.The strains of the gram-negative bacteria were mainly: Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae.For all the isolated gram-negative strains, the susceptibility rates to quinolones, aminoglycosides, complex antibiotics、second and third-generation of cephalosporins were found to be above 50, and it was above 80% to imipenem, .of the 255 isolated strains, 103 strains were gram-positive (40.4%) , with a predominance being Staphylococcus epidermidis.The isolated gram-positive strains responded poor to most of the commonly used antibacterial agents and slightly higher to gentamicin 、linezolidfourth-generation of quinolones、quinupristin/ dalfopristin, and highest to vancomycin..Conclusion With the continuously altering of strains and drug resistance of the bacteria, rational use of antibiotics should be dependent on the drug susceptibility tests.