Abstract: Objective To evaluate the early warming signs of nosocomial fungal infections in patients with end-stage liver disease.Methods One hundred patients with end-stage liver disease were included as cases because of nosocomial fungal infections, and another 80 patients with similar liver disease background without fungal infections were admitted as controls.Patients were matched according to the first episode of fungal infections.Results The risk factors that showed a significant association with fngal infections by multivariate analysis were bacteria infection (OR=4.45, 95 percent confidence interval, 1.8613.68;P=0.006) , the period of treatment of broadspectrum antibiotics (1115days, the odds ratio of fungal infections 2.02, 95%CI 1.548.50, P=0.005;1621days, OR=5.36, 95%CI 2.68-12.31, P=0.003;more than 22 days, OR=12.88, 95%CI 6.07-22.40, P=0.001) , use of corticosteroids (OR=3.78, 95%CI1.07-11.23;P=0.015) , neutropenia (OR=6.62, 95%CI 1.6814.05;P=0.002) , and diabetes history (OR=2.23, 95%CI1.369.81;P=0.026) .Conclusion Bacteria infection, the period of treatment of broad-spectrum antibiotics, corticosteroids, neutropenia, and diabetes history are the risk factors of fungal infections in patients with end-stage liver diseases, and can be the early warming signs.