Abstract: To explore the mechanism and effect of intestinal endotoxemia in the rats with thioactamide (TAA) induced liver injury.Rats in TAA-treated group were given TAA 600mg/kg to induce acute liver injury.48h after TAA injection, the mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN) , liver, spleen and the intestinal content were collected for bacteriological study.And the endotoxin levels in the intestinal content were measured.D-lactic acid in the blood plasma was measured for intestinal permeability.The ileum and the liver were used for pathological section.It showed that in rats with TAA induced acute liver injury, the levels of endotoxin, TNF and ALT in blood and endotoxin in the intestinal content were significantly increased in (P<0.01) .The section of ileum pathological indicated that villus intestinalis became shorten significantly and be destroied, and many inflammatory cells infiltrated in them.So the important factor for intestinal endotoxemia are intestinal dysbacteria, intestinal mucosa structural dysbacteriacteria change, high Intestinal permeability, and bacterial translocation from intestine.Endotoxemia might directly or indirectly aggravate liver injury.