Abstract: To investigate the effect of oxymatrine on serum cholinesterase of patients with chronic viral hepatitis or cirrhosis post of hepatitis. Forty-eight cases of patients were divided into two groups: Thirty-six cases were the patients with chronic viral hepatitis and twelve were cirrhosis post of hepatitis, to detect the levels of serum cholinesterase and biochemical parameters of liver function before and after treatment with oxymatrine. The concentration of serum cholinesterase of the patients declined extremely after therapy and leveled off on an comparably lower level when the duration of treatment exceeded three months. No patients presented apparent adverse side effect and their serum cholinesterase could recovrey to the initial levels if the therapy stops. Oxymatrine is able to reduce the serum cholinesterase of patients obviously, but this kind of effect is reversible and hardly bring visible side reaction to the patients treated with Oxymatrine.