Abstract: To observe the expression of HBcAg and HBVDNA in the Liver tissues of the patients with posthepatitic cirrhosis by hepatitis B which was diagnosed by detecting HBV in the serum using ELISA methods, 100 such cases were collected by random sampling methods. In these cases, the biopsy of liver were performed and HBcAg and HBV DNA were detected by immuno-cytochemistry and in situ molecule hybridization technique. For these patients, HBcAg-positive rate and HBVDNA-positive rate in liver tissues were 64%, 62% respectively, but there were no statistically significant differences between them (P>0.05) . When HBV was in high replication statas, the expression of HBcAg was coherent with that of HBVDNA in the liver tissues. In the patients with HBcAg and HBVDNA mainly in the cytoplasm and cytomembrane, the HBVDNA were highly expressed in liver and the liver tissues pathological changes were active (P<0.05) . The results suggest that HBV replication rate were higher in the liver tissues of these patients. The expression of HBcAg and HBVDNA in the liver tissues were correlated with the HBV replication and the activity of liver tissue pathological changes.