Abstract: The pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy of cirrhosis should be studied more forward because of incapable of explaining satisfactorily hepatic encephalopathy being resulted from ammonimia or disorder of amino acid metabolism 70 specimens of brain tissue were cellected from the patients died of liver cirrhosis randomly for HE.Thionine and Holzer stains for studying its pathology, especially the neuren and neuroglia.Oedema and damages of neuron, neuroglia and smalll blood vessels could be seen in all 70 specimens, and especially, the cases with clinical hepatic encephalopathy showed more marked brain pathology than that without clinical hepatic encepholopathy in HE, thionine and Holzer stains.HBsAg and HBcAg could be demonstrated in brain tissue by immunohistochemical stain and its positive rate was correlated with both the clinical manifestation and brain pathology.So, it seems that the HBsAg and HBcAg positive in brain tissue and brain pathology might be the pathogensis base of hepatic encephalopathy and the abnormal biochemical metabolism found before is perhaps only the results of hepatic failure.