Influencing factors for acute pancreatitis in patients with type 2 diabetes complicated by hypertriglyceridemia

Objective To investigate the association between hypertriglyceridemia and acute pancreatitis in patients with type 2 diabetes, in order to guide the prevention and treatment of acute pancreatitis in patients with diabetes. Methods A total of 46 patients with type 2 diabetes complicated by acute pancreatitis who were admitted to The First Hospital of Yulin from January 2013 to December 2016 were enrolled as study group, and 52 patients with type 2 diabetes alone who were admitted to our hospital within the same period of time were enrolled as control group. Related data were recorded, including age, sex, course of diabetes, body height and weight, abdominal circumference, smoking, drinking, gallstones, hypertension, blood glucose, and blood lipids [total cholesterol ( TC) , triglyceride ( TG) , high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ( HDL-C) , and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol ( LDL-C) ]. The incidence rates of complications associated with diabetes were analyzed. The chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data ( general status, blood lipids, and diabetic complications) between two groups; and the t-test was used for comparison of such data between two groups. A logistic regression analysis was used for multivariate analysis. Results There were no significant differences between the two groups in age, sex composition, body height and weight, abdominal circumference, smoking and drinking habits, hypertension, gallstones, and course of diabetes ( all P >0. 05) . The study group had significantly higher levels of TC, TG, and LDL-C than the control group ( t = 5. 122, 4. 127, and 3. 524, P < 0. 01, < 0. 01, and = 0. 012) , while the control group had a significantly higher level of HDL-C than the study group ( t = 2. 231, P = 0. 037) . The study group had a significantly higher incidence rate of diabetic microangiopathy ( diabetic retinopathy and chronic diabetic nephropathy) than the control group ( χ2= 92. 126, P < 0. 01) . The multivariate analysis showed that compared with those with a normal TG level, the type 2 diabetic patients with a high TG level had a risk of acute pancreatitis increased by 47. 6% ( odds ratio [OR]= 1. 476, P =0. 031) , and the type 2 diabetic patients with a high LDL-C level had a risk of acute pancreatitis increased by 48. 7% ( OR = 1. 487, P =0. 045) . Conclusion Blood lipids should be measured for patients with type 2 diabetes, and blood glucose and blood lipid levels should be actively controlled for patients with type 2 diabetes complicated by hypertriglyceridemia, in order to reduce the incidence rate of acute pancreatitis.