Causes and clinical features of liver cirrhosis complicated by upper gastrointestinal bleeding in Tangshan, China

Objective To investigate the causes and clinical features of liver cirrhosis complicated by upper gastrointestinal bleeding in Tangshan, China in the past 5 years, and to provide a reference for clinical treatment.Methods A total of 462 patients with liver cirrhosis complicated by upper gastrointestinal bleeding who were hospitalized in The Affiliated Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan Municipal Hospital of Infectious Diseases, Tangshan Workers' Hospital, and The Affiliated Hospital of Kailuan Group Limited Liability Corporation were enrolled, and all the patients underwent gastroscopy to clarify the cause of bleeding.The association between the cause of bleeding and Child-Pugh class was analyzed.The chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data.Results Among the causes of liver cirrhosis complicated by upper gastrointestinal bleeding, esophagogastric variceal bleeding, portal hypertensive gastropathy, hepatogenic ulcer, acute gastric mucosal lesion, and mixed type accounted for 52.16%, 27.71%, 11.04%, 4.11%, and 3.25%, respectively, and other causes accounted for 1.73%.There were significant differences in Child-Pugh class between the patients with different causes (χ2=30.12, P=0.007) .Conclusion Among the causes of liver cirrhosis complicated by upper gastrointestinal bleeding, esophagogastric variceal bleeding is the most common one, followed by portal hypertensive gastropathy.The cause of bleeding is associated with Child-Pugh class.