Interventional treatment of portal vein thrombosis

With the increase in the diagnosis rate of portal vein thrombosis ( PVT) , the interventional treatment for PVT has attracted more and more attention. Mechanical thrombolysis and drug thrombolysis combined with systemic anticoagulant treatment can partly or even completely reverse the local and systemic hemodynamic changes after PVT, restore portal venous flow, and reduce portal venous pressure. The methods and approaches for interventional treatment should be selected based on patients' conditions. The superior mesenteric artery approach has a relatively low risk, but it does not have a satisfactory thrombolytic effect in subacute/chronic PVT or PVT in the main portal vein with collateral formation. The portal vein approach is the most commonly used method for interventional treatment at present, including the percutaneous transhepatic approach, the percutaneous trans-splenic approach, and the mesenteric vein approach. Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt can provide a low-resistance outlet for the portal system and thus reduce portal venous pressure and improve blood stream stasis in the portal vein. The interventional treatment of PVT is a comprehensive interventional therapy that combines multiple methods and approaches. These methods and approaches used alone or in combination based on patients' conditions can achieve a good clinical effect and reduce complications and mortality.