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138例肝硬化不典型增生结节患者中医证型证素分布分析
DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5256.2023.02.015
伦理学声明：本研究方案于2019年7月2日经由河南中医药大学第一附属医院伦理委员会审批，批号：2019HL-072-01。
利益冲突声明：本研究不存在研究者、伦理委员会成员、受试者监护人以及与公开研究成果有关的利益冲突。
作者贡献声明：姚肖肖负责资料分析，撰写论文；郝尧坤、肖准、张岚参与收集数据，修改论文；马素平、赵文霞负责课题设计，指导撰写文章并最后定稿。
Distribution of traditional Chinese medicine syndrome types and elements in liver cirrhosis patients with dysplastic nodules: An analysis of 138 cases
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摘要:
目的 探讨肝硬化不典型增生结节(DN)的中医证型证素分布规律，为探索肝硬化DN中医证候内涵和规律提供依据。 方法 纳入2013年3月—2021年1月就诊于河南中医药大学第一附属医院诊断为肝硬化DN的患者共138例。采集患者的发病年龄、性别等一般资料，记录病因、中医证候、肝功能Child-Pugh分级资料，归纳中医证型、证素分布特征。计数资料组间比较采用χ2检验或Fisher精确检验。 结果 肝硬化DN患者病位证素以肝、脾为主(97.83%、94.93%)，其次为肾(23.91%)；病性证素以气虚、气滞为主(73.91%、58.70%)，其次为湿(34.78%)；中医证型主要为肝郁脾虚证、湿热内盛证、瘀毒蕴结证、水湿内阻证，以肝郁脾虚证多见(58.70%)，显著高于其他证型(P＜0.05)；中医证型与性别、年龄、病因等比较，差异均无统计学意义(P值均＞0.05)。不同中医证型的肝硬化DN患者Child-Pugh分级比较，差异有统计学意义(χ2=34.320，P＜0.05)，其中肝功能Child-Pugh A级以肝郁脾虚证多见(59.8%)，而C级则以湿热内盛证多见(39.1%)。 结论 初步概括了肝硬化DN常见证型及证素分布规律，为肝硬化DN的中医辨治提供参考。 Abstract:Objective To investigate the distribution of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome types and elements in liver cirrhosis patients with dysplastic nodules (DN), and to provide a basis for exploring the connotation and pattern of TCM syndrome types of DN in liver cirrhosis. Methods A total of 138 patients who attended The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine from March 2013 to January 2021 and were diagnosed with liver cirrhosis and DN were enrolled. General data such as age of onset and sex were collected, as well as the data on etiology, TCM syndrome types, and Child-Pugh class for liver function, and the distribution characteristics of TCM syndrome types and elements were summarized. The chi-square test or the Fisher's exact test was used for comparison of categorical data between groups. Results The liver and the spleen were the main syndrome elements of disease location in liver cirrhosis patients with DN, accounting for 97.83% and 94.93%, respectively, followed by the kidney (23.91%); Qi deficiency and Qi stagnation were the main syndrome elements reflecting the nature of disease, accounting for 73.91% and 58.70%, respectively, followed by dampness (34.78%). The main TCM syndrome types included stagnation of liver Qi and spleen deficiency, damp-heat internal excess syndrome, blood stasis and toxin accumulation syndrome, and water-dampness retention syndrome, among which stagnation of liver Qi and spleen deficiency was more common and accounted for 58.70% (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in TCM syndrome types between the patients with different sexes, ages, and etiologies (all P > 0.05). There was a significant difference in Child-Pugh class between the liver cirrhosis DN patients with different TCM syndrome types (χ2=34.320, P < 0.05), and Child-Pugh class A was more common in the patients with stagnation of liver Qi and spleen deficiency (59.8%), while Child-Pugh class C was more common in the patients with damp-heat internal excess syndrome (39.1%). Conclusion This article summarizes the distribution characteristics of common TCM syndrome types and elements of DN in liver cirrhosis, which provides a reference for the syndrome differentiation-based TCM treatment of DN in liver cirrhosis. -
Key words:
- Liver Cirrhosis /
- Dysplastic Nodule /
- Syndrome Type /
- Syndrome Element /
- Medicine, Chinese Traditional
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图 1 肝硬化DN证素频次频率分布
Figure 1. Count and frequencies of Syndrome elements in patients with DN in liver cirrhosis
图 2 肝硬化DN患者中医证型与性别分布比较
Figure 2. Comparison of the distribution of TCM syndrome types and gender in patients with DN in liver cirrhosis
图 3 不同中医证型肝硬化DN患者年龄分布
Figure 3. Age distribution of patients with DN in liver cirrhosis between different TCM syndrome types
图 4 不同中医证型肝硬化DN患者肝功能Child-Pugh分级
注：与肝郁脾虚证相同Child-Pugh分级比较，*P＜0.05。
Figure 4. Child-Pugh classification of liver function in patients with DN in liver cirrhosis between different TCM syndrome types
表 1 肝硬化DN患者中医证型与病因分布比较
Table 1. Comparison of the distribution of different TCM syndrome types and etiologies in patients with DN in liver cirrhosis
中医证型 例数 乙型肝炎
(n=121)丙型肝炎
(n=12)脂肪肝
(n=10)酒精性
(n=7)自身免疫性肝病
(n=7)其他
(n=18)肝郁脾虚证[例(%)] 81 60(49.59) 7(58.33) 3(30.00) 1(14.29) 5(71.43) 8(44.44) 水湿内阻证[例(%)] 22 15(12.40) 0 0 1(14.29) 0 6(33.33) 湿热内盛证[例(%)] 26 21(17.36) 2(16.67) 3(30.00) 3(42.86) 0 1(5.56) 脾肾阳虚证[例(%)] 4 4(3.31) 0 0 0 0 0 肝肾阴虚证[例(%)] 7 4(3.31) 0 1(10.00) 0 1(14.29) 2(11.11) 瘀毒蕴结证[例(%)] 24 17(14.05) 3(25.00) 3(30.00) 2(28.57) 1(14.29) 1(5.56) 
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