脂质蓄积指数、内脏脂肪指数对非酒精性脂肪性肝病的预测价值

段绍杰; 刘尊敬; 陈佳良; 姚树坤

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-5256.2022.01.020

脂质蓄积指数、内脏脂肪指数对非酒精性脂肪性肝病的预测价值

DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5256.2022.01.020

1.
北京中医药大学研究生院，北京 100029
2a.
中日友好医院神经内科，北京 100029
2b.
中日友好医院消化内科，北京 100029
3.
首都医科大学附属北京地坛医院中西医结合中心，北京 100015

利益冲突声明：本研究不存在研究者、伦理委员会成员、受试者监护人以及与公开研究成果有关的利益冲突。

作者贡献声明：段绍杰、姚树坤进行文章的构思与设计；段绍杰、陈佳良进行数据收集整理、统计学分析并撰写论文；姚树坤、刘尊敬进行论文修订、质量控制及审校。

详细信息

通信作者:
姚树坤，shukunyao@126.com

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-06-21
- 录用日期: 2021-07-08
- 出版日期: 2022-01-20

Value of lipid accumulation product and visceral fat index in predicting nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

1.
Graduate School of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
2a.
Department of Neurology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
2b.
Department of Gastroenterology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
3.
Center of Integrative Medicine, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, China

摘要

摘要: 目的探讨脂质蓄积指数(LAP)和内脏脂肪指数(VAI)与非酒精性脂肪性肝病(NAFLD)的相关性，并评估其对NAFLD患病风险的预测价值。方法随机纳入2018年9月—2019年5月北京中日友好医院的708例体检受试者，分为NAFLD组(n=426)和非NAFLD组(n=282)，比较两组间LAP、VAI及相关生化指标差异。计量资料符合正态分布的2组间比较采用t检验，不符合正态分布者2组间比较采用Mann-Whitney U秩和检验。计数资料2组间比较采用χ²检验。应用Spearman进行相关性分析。然后将LAP、VAI根据四分位数水平分为四组(L1~L4；V1~V4)，比较各组间NAFLD的分布情况，采用logistic回归分析计算不同LAP、VAI水平NAFLD的发生风险，绘制不同性别和体质量亚组LAP、VAI、腰围(WC)、体质量指数(BMI)预测NAFLD的ROC曲线，以评估各指标对NAFLD的预测诊断价值。结果 NAFLD组受试者的年龄、男性、吸烟史占比以及LAP、VAI、WC、BMI、收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、ALT、AST、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、空腹血糖(FBG)、血尿酸(SUA)水平均显著高于非NAFLD组，而高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)水平显著低于非NAFLD组(P值均＜0.01)。NAFLD与LAP、VAI水平呈正相关(Cramer’s V值分别为0.552、0.464)。多因素logistic回归显示，在调整各危险因素后，L4组NAFLD发生风险仍为L1组的8.811(95%CI：4.335~17.910)倍(P＜0.001)，V4组NAFLD发生风险仍为V1组的5.967(95%CI：3.263~10.912)倍(P＜0.001)。ROC曲线结果显示，不同性别和体质量亚组中LAP、VAI预测NAFLD发生的AUC均＞0.7。其中，女性亚组LAP、VAI预测NAFLD的AUC显著高于男性亚组(0.886 vs 0.785，0.824 vs 0.748，P值均＜0.05)，且对应的灵敏度(79.8% vs 63.7%，77.9% vs 77.0%)、特异度(85.0% vs 81.1%，77.6% vs 62.3%)也偏高。结论 NAFLD患病风险随着LAP、VAI水平增高而升高；LAP、VAI对不同性别和体质量亚组的NAFLD的发生均有良好预测价值，且对女性NAFLD的预测能力更佳。
- 非酒精性脂肪性肝病 /
- 脂质蓄积指数 /
- 内脏脂肪指数 /
- 诊断
Abstract: Objective To investigate the association of lipid accumulation product (LAP) and visceral fat index (VAI) with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and the value of LAP and VAI in predicting the risk of NAFLD. Methods A total of 708 subjects who underwent physical examination in China-Japan Friendship Hospital from September 2018 to May 2019 were enrolled and divided into NAFLD group (n=426) and non-NAFLD group (n=282), and the two groups were compared in terms of LAP, VAI, and related biochemical parameters. The independent samples t-test was used for comparison of normally distributed continuous data between groups, and the Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of non-normally distributed continuous data between groups.The chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data between groups. The Spearman test was used for correlation analysis. The subjects were divided into L1-L4 groups based on LAP and V1-V4 groups based on VAI, and the distribution of NAFLD was compared between groups; a logistic regression analysis was used to calculate the risk of NAFLD at different levels of LAP and VAI, and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted for LAP, VAI, waist circumference (WC), and body mass index (BMI) in predicting NAFLD in different sex and body weight subgroups, so as to evaluate the value of each index in the prediction and diagnosis of NAFLD. Results Compared with the non-NAFLD group, the NAFLD group had significantly higher age, proportion of male subjects, proportion of subjects with a smoking history, and levels of LAP, VAI, WC, BMI, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, fasting blood glucose, and serum uric acid, as well as a significantly lower level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (all P < 0.01). NAFLD was positively correlated with the levels of LAP and VAI (Cramer's V=0.552 and 0.464). The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that after adjustment for related risk factors, the risk of NAFLD in the L4 group was still 8.811 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.335-17.910) times that in the L1 group (P < 0.001), and the risk of NAFLD in the V4 group was still 5.967 (95% CI: 3.263-10.912) times than that in the V1 group (P < 0.001). The ROC curve analysis showed that both LAP and VAI had an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of > 0.7 in predicting the onset of NAFLD in different sex and body weight subgroups; the AUCs of LAP and VAI in the female subgroup were significantly higher than those in the male subgroup (LAP: 0.886 vs 0.785, P < 0.05; VAI: 0.824 vs 0.748, P < 0.05), and the corresponding sensitivities and specificities of LAP and VAI in the female subgroup were also higher than those in the male subgroup (sensitivity: LAP: 79.8% vs 63.7%; VAI: 77.9% vs 77.0%; specificity: LAP: 85.0% vs 81.1%; VAI: 77.6% vs 62.3%). Conclusion The risk of NAFLD increases with the increase in the levels of LAP and VAI. Both LAP and VAI have a good value in predicting NAFLD in different sex and body weight subgroups, especially in predicting NAFLD in the female population.
- Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease /
- Lipid Accumulation Index /
- Visceral Fat Index /
- Diagnosis

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图 1 不同性别受试者各体脂指标预测NAFLD发生风险的ROC曲线

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图 2 不同体质量受试者各体脂指标预测NAFLD发生风险的ROC曲线

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表 1 受试者基线资料分析

指标	NAFLD组(n=426)	非NAFLD组(n=282)	统计值	P值
男[例(%)]	299(75.6)	198(62.1)	χ²=14.848	＜0.001
年龄(岁)	40.25±10.67	37.54±20.21	t=3.398	0.001
吸烟史[例(%)]	143(33.6)	63(22.3)	χ²=10.368	0.001
LAP	61.30(40.14~87.79)	26.02(15.09~40.58)	Z=-14.659	＜0.001
VAI	2.31(1.60~3.51)	1.20(0.84~1.83)	Z=-12.531	＜0.001
WC(cm)	97.31±8.58	87.23±9.62	t=14.241	＜0.001
BMI(kg/m²)	28.07±3.24	24.55±3.24	t=14.155	＜0.001
SBP (mmHg)	133.21±16.34	126.22±14.88	t=5.772	＜0.001
DBP (mmHg)	87.23±9.62	78.46±11.67	t=4.809	＜0.001
ALT(U/L)	45.10±35.18	24.77±15.91	t=10.418	＜0.001
AST(U/L)	26.66±16.27	20.70±10.58	t=5.891	＜0.001
TC(mmol/L)	4.69±0.87	4.42±0.78	t=4.350	＜0.001
TG(mmol/L)	2.14±1.36	1.27±0.90	t=10.264	＜0.001
HDL-C (mmol/L)	1.19±0.27	1.34±0.30	t=-6.985	＜0.001
LDL-C (mmol/L)	2.87±0.91	2.60±0.69	t=4.219	＜0.001
FBG (mmol/L)	5.71±1.42	5.24±0.69	t=5.777	＜0.001
SUA(μmol/L)	378.46±86.16	332.04±88.36	t=6.947	＜0.001

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表 2 LAP及VAI四分位水平分组中NAFLD的分布情况

项目	LAP				VAI
项目	L1	L2	L3	L4	V1	V2	V3	V4
NAFLD[例(%)]	31(17.5)	136(57.6)¹⁾	136(76.8)¹⁾²⁾	157(88.7)¹⁾²⁾³⁾	45(25.4)	99(55.9)⁴⁾	130(73.4)⁴⁾⁵⁾	152(85.9)⁴⁾⁵⁾⁶⁾
非NAFLD[例(%)]	146(82.5)	75(42.4)	41(23.2)	20(11.3)	132(74.6)	78(44.1)	47(26.6)	25(14.1)
注：与L1比较，1)P＜0.05；与L2比较，2)P＜0.05；与L3比较，3)P＜0.05；与V1比较；4)P＜0.05；与V2比较，5)P＜0.05；与V3比较，6)P＜0.05。

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表 3 LAP、VAI与各生化指标的相关性

项目	统计值	ALT	AST	TC	TG	HDL-C	LDL-C	FBG	SUA	SBP	SDP
LAP	r值	0.360	0.253	0.293	0.939	-0.207	0.140	0.242	0.359	0.273	0.233
	P值	＜0.001	＜0.001	＜0.001	＜0.001	＜0.001	＜0.001	＜0.001	＜0.001	＜0.001	＜0.001
VAI	r值	0.257	0.170	0.207	0.897	-0.419	0.126	0.221	0.315	0.214	0.199
	P值	＜0.001	＜0.001	＜0.001	＜0.001	＜0.001	＜0.001	＜0.001	＜0.001	＜0.001	＜0.001

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表 4 不同LAP、VAI水平NAFLD发生风险的logistic回归分析

项目	模型1		模型2
项目	OR(95%CI)	P值	OR(95%CI)	P值
LAP
L1	1		1
L2	6.405(3.928~10.445)	＜0.001	3.428(2.000~5.876)	＜0.001
L3	15.622(9.272~26.322)	＜0.001	6.659(3.688~12.025)	＜0.001
L4	36.971(20.176~67.745)	＜0.001	8.811(4.335~17.910)	＜0.001
VAI
V1	1		1
V2	3.436(2.178~5.420)	＜0.001	2.16(1.295~3.602)	0.003
V3	7.598(4.702~12.276)	＜0.001	3.478(2.019~5.989)	＜0.001
V4	15.843(9.167~27.382)	＜0.001	5.967(3.263~10.912)	＜0.001

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表 5 不同性别受试者各指标预测NAFLD发生风险的ROC曲线的结果分析

指标	AUC	95%CI	灵敏度(%)	特异度(%)	最大约登指数	临界值
男性
LAP	0.785	0.742~0.828	63.7	81.1	0.448	50.88
VAI	0.748	0.702~0.794	77.0	62.3	0.393	1.559
WC	0.748	0.702~0.793	70.8	66.3	0.371	93.25 cm
BMI	0.748	0.703~0.792	71.7	64.6	0.363	26.35 kg/m²
女性
LAP	0.886¹⁾	0.840~0.932	79.8	85.0	0.648	35.62
VAI	0.824²⁾	0.767~0.881	77.9	77.6	0.555	1.569
WC	0.833³⁾	0.780~0.887	87.5	65.4	0.529	85.75 cm
BMI	0.814	0.757~0.871	82.7	68.2	0.509	24.59 kg/m²
注：与男性LAP比较，1)P＜0.05；与男性VAI比较，2)P＜0.05；与男性WC比较，3)P＜0.05。

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表 6 不同体质量亚组各指标预测NAFLD发生风险的ROC曲线的结果分析

指标	AUC	95%CI	灵敏度(%)	特异度(%)	最大约登指数	临界值
超重和肥胖组
LAP	0.761¹⁾²⁾	0.716~0.805	64.3	78.0	0.423	50.91
VAI	0.732	0.685~0.778	79.0	59.8	0.388	1.562
WC	0.687	0.639~0.734	54.7	73.8	0.285	96.25 cm
BMI	0.676	0.629~0.722	58.0	71.7	0.287	27.52 kg/m²
体质量正常及偏瘦组
LAP	0.816	0.726~0.905	83.9	71.2	0.551	21.93
VAI	0.760	0.660~0.860	77.4	65.3	0.427	1.134
WC	0.805¹⁾	0.727~0.882	96.8	55.9	0.527	80.50 cm
BMI	0.768	0.679~0.857	80.6	66.1	0.467	22.47 kg/m²
注：与超重和肥胖组WC比较，1)P＜0.05；与超重和肥胖组BMI比较，2)P＜0.05。

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