Abstract: Pancreatic encephalopathy(PE) is one of the severe complications of severe acute pancreatitis(SAP).Early diagnosis mostly depends on the history of disease as well as clinical symptoms and signs.PE progresses rapidly and is often complicated by multiple organ dysfunction,and it may finally develop into multiple organ failure with a high fatality rate if not treated in time.It is currently known that demyelination is one of the important pathological features of this disease,with fat-soluble demyelination of cerebral gray matter and white matter,as well as inflammatory changes such as hemorrhage and edema.The target antigen of demyelinating lesions,however,is myelin basic protein(MBP).This paper reviews the changes in MBP levels in the demyelinating lesions of the central nervous system among PE patients,with the purpose of providing clues for the early diagnosis and prognostic study of demyelinating lesions in PE.