PDF下载 ( 2021 KB)
肝硬化的定义、病因及流行病学
DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5256.2021.01.003
作者贡献声明：单姗负责撰写论文；赵连晖负责文献筛选和整理数据；马红、欧晓娟、尤红负责修改论文；贾继东负责拟定写作思路，指导撰写文章并最后定稿。
Definition, etiology, and epidemiology of liver cirrhosis
-
摘要: 肝硬化是全球肝脏相关死亡的主要原因，最常见的原因是慢性乙型和丙型肝炎、酒精性肝病、非酒精性脂肪性肝病。近年研究显示，世界范围内，肝硬化死亡人数增加，但年龄标准化死亡率降低；失代偿期肝硬化的年龄标准化患病率显著增加。我国肝硬化患病人数、患病率、死亡人数和死亡率均有所增加，但是年龄标准化的患病率和死亡率均有所降低；主要病因仍为慢性乙型肝炎，但酒精性及非酒精性脂肪性肝病所致肝硬化比例也逐渐增加。Abstract: Liver cirrhosis is the leading cause of liver-related death globally, and the most common causes of liver cirrhosis are chronic hepatitis B and C, alcoholic liver disease, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Recent studies have shown that despite an increase in the number of deaths due to liver cirrhosis around the world, there is a reduction in age-standardized death. In China, there are increases in number of patients with liver cirrhosis, prevalence rate of liver cirrhosis, number of deaths due to liver cirrhosis, and mortality rate of liver cirrhosis, while there are reductions in age-standardized prevalence rate and mortality rate; chronic hepatitis B remains the main cause of liver cirrhosis, with a gradual increase in the proportion of liver cirrhosis cases caused by alcoholic and nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases.
-
Key words:
- Liver Cirrhosis /
- Etiology /
- Epidemiology
-
表 1 肝硬化的病因
分类 具体病因 感染性 慢性病毒性肝炎(HBV、HCV)、寄生虫病(血吸虫病)等 化学损伤性 酒精性、药物性、毒物性肝病等 自身免疫性 自身免疫性肝炎、原发性胆汁性胆管炎、原发性硬化性胆管炎等 胆汁淤积性 先天性胆道闭锁，Allagile综合征，进行性家族性肝内胆汁淤积等 代谢性及遗传性 非酒精性脂肪性肝病、Wilson病、遗传性血色病、α1-抗胰蛋白酶缺乏症、糖原累积病、希川缺乏病等多种遗传代谢性肝病 血管性 肝外门静脉阻塞、肝窦阻塞综合征、Budd-Chiari综合征、右心血液回流障碍(右心衰竭、心肌病、缩窄性心包炎等)及遗传性出血性毛细血管扩张症等 
下载: 导出CSV
-
[1] ROGUIN A. Rene theophile hyacinthe laёnnec (1781-1826): The man behind the stethoscope[J]. Clin Med Res, 2006, 4(3): 230-235. DOI: 10.3121/cmr.4.3.230 [2] JAY V. The legacy of laёnnec[J]. Arch Pathol Lab Med, 2000, 124(10): 1420-1421. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?res_dat=xri:pqm&ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info:xri/sid:baidu&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:article&genre=article&jtitle=Archives%20of%20Pathology%20and%20Laboratory%20Medicine&atitle=The%20legacy%20of%20La%3Fnnec [3] ANTHONY PP, ISHAK KG, NAYAK NC, et al. The morphology of cirrhosis. Recommendations on definition, nomenclature, and classification by a working group sponsored by the World Health Organization[J]. J Clin Pathol, 1978, 31(5): 395-414. DOI: 10.1136/jcp.31.5.395 [4] ISHAK KG. Chronic hepatitis: Morphology and nomenclature[J]. Mod Pathol, 1994, 7(6): 690-713. [5] TSOCHATZIS EA, BOSCH J, BURROUGHS AK. Liver cirrhosis[J]. Lancet, 2014, 383(9930): 1749-1761. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60121-5 [6] WANLESS IR, NAKASHIMA E, SHERMAN M. Regression of human cirrhosis. Morphologic features and the genesis of incomplete septal cirrhosis[J]. Arch Pathol Lab Med, 2000, 124(11): 1599-1607. http://europepmc.org/abstract/MED/11079009 [7] HYTIROGLOU P, SNOVER DC, ALVES V, et al. Beyond "cirrhosis": A proposal from the International Liver Pathology Study Group[J]. Am J Clin Pathol, 2012, 137(1): 5-9. DOI: 10.1309/AJCP2T2OHTAPBTMP [8] MOKDAD AA, LOPEZ AD, SHAHRAZ S, et al. Liver cirrhosis mortality in 187 countries between 1980 and 2010: A systematic analysis[J]. BMC Med, 2014, 12: 145. DOI: 10.1186/s12916-014-0145-y [9] WANG X, LIN SX, TAO J, et al. Study of liver cirrhosis over ten consecutive years in Southern China[J]. World J Gastroenterol, 2014, 20(37): 13546-13555. DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i37.13546 [10] BAO XY, XU BB, FANG K, et al. Changing trends of hospitalisation of liver cirrhosis in Beijing, China[J]. BMJ Open Gastroenterol, 2015, 2(1): e000051. DOI: 10.1136/bmjgast-2015-000051 [11] GBD 2017 Cirrhosis Collaborators. The global, regional, and national burden of cirrhosis by cause in 195 countries and territories, 1990-2017: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017[J]. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol, 2020, 5(3): 245-266. DOI: 10.1016/S2468-1253(19)30349-8 [12] MURRAY CJ, VOS T, LOZANO R, et al. Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for 291 diseases and injuries in 21 regions, 1990-2010: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010[J]. Lancet, 2012, 380(9859): 2197-223. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61689-4 [13] LOZANO R, NAGHAVI M, FOREMAN K, et al. Global and regional mortality from 235 causes of death for 20 age groups in 1990 and 2010: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010[J]. Lancet, 2012, 380(9859): 2095-2128. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61728-0 [14] ASRANI SK, DEVARBHAVI H, EATON J, et al. Burden of liver diseases in the world[J]. J Hepatol, 2019, 70(1): 151-171. DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2018.09.014 [15] GBD 2016 Causes of Death. Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific mortality for 264 causes of death, 1980-2016: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016[J]. Lancet, 2017, 390(10100): 1151-1210. [16] GBD 2016 DALYs and HALE Collaborators. Global, regional, and national disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 333 diseases and injuries and healthy life expectancy (HALE) for 195 countries and territories, 1990-2016: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016[J]. Lancet, 2017, 390(10100): 1260-1344. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(17)32130-X [17] LI M, WANG ZQ, ZHANG L, et al. Burden of cirrhosis and other chronic liver diseases caused by specific etiologies in China, 1990-2016: Findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016[J]. Biomed Environ Sci, 2020, 33(1): 1-10. -
本文二维码
表(1)
计量
- 文章访问数: 3147
- HTML全文浏览量: 543
- PDF下载量: 695
- 被引次数: 0
